Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea is a clinical entity that is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality and it is estimated that it is significantly undiagnosed. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apneain obese individuals.Material and Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study; the risk of obstructive sleep apnea’s was assessed over a period of 11 months by applying the STOP-Bang questionnaire to all individuals who attended a family health unit who were aged ≥ 18 years and had body mass index of ≥ 30 kg/m2 and who had not yet been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea and agreed to participate; the risk of an undiagnosed moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea was considered for any STOP-Bang score of ≥ 3. Results: The risk of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea was assessed in 888 individuals (59.3% females) with an average age of 59.6 ± 14.68 years and a mean body mass index 33.6 ± 3.43 kg/m2; the mean STOP-Bang score was 3.5 ± 1.74, 70.9% scored ≥ 3; the frequency of all STOP-Bang questionnaire parameters was higher (p < 0.004) within the group with score ≥ 3.Discussion: The studied population is one of the main strengths, since it is in obese people that the incidence of this disease is higher. There are some limitations related to this sample coming from a single family health unit, as well as the patients’ follow-up being carried out throughout routine appointments for diseases that are closely related with obstructive sleep apnea.Conclusion: The level of underdiagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea’s in obese individuals can be significantly high and a large proportion of them may have the disease at a moderate to severe stage; Family Physicians can have a very important role in screening and diagnosis.

Osteoarthritis is a major cause of joint pain and disability, with the knee joint being the most commonly affected. The aim of this study is to investigate the evidence about the possible association between recreational running and the development of this pathology which is still controversial and sparse. Of the 409 articles in the initial research, four were included in this review. It was concluded that recreational running does not predispose to the development of clinical or radiographic knee osteoarthrosis, on the contrary, it seems to have a protective effect.

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Cervix cancer is the fourth most common female cancer and the second most frequent in women aged 15 to 44 years. The infection by the human papillomavirus is a necessary condition in almost all of cervix cancer cases; it is a sexually transmitted disease and all women sexually active are at risk of being infected. There are currently three vaccines against human papillomavirus, and despite of the efficacy being well proven in woman aged up to 25 years, it is not well established in older ages.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> It was performed a literature review of the current evidence about the efficacy of the vaccines against human papillomavirus in women older than 24 years in the cervix cancer prevention, and was assessed the evidence quality by the GRADE system.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Two randomized controlled trials were identified with a total of 9,571 participants – 4,792 vaccinated and 4,779 at the control group and reported data of 48 months period follow-up. The relative risk reduction was 41% (95% CI: 29 a 50%) – for the vaccinated group. There were no differences in safety and tolerability between the two groups – vaccine and control. <br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The actual evidence shows that the vaccines against human papillomavirus 16 and/or 18 in women older than 24 until 45 years have an important efficacy at reducing the risk of having persistent infection and/or to acquire cervix cancer precursor lesions.</p>