No abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate substrates produced from the peach-palm agroindustry waste and sewage sludge as a source of nutrients for the production of Brazilian Peppertree seedlings (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), and to compare the performance of these substrates under various levels of slow release fertilizer for this species. Four levels of fertilizer were tested (0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g dm-3) in three types of substrates: BIOCPI = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:1 v:v); BIOCPII = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:2 v:v) and BIOCPIII = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:3 v:v). Plant height, stem diameter, dry matter (shoot and root), height/diameter ratio, Dickson quality index and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S contents in the shoot were measured. The use of the substrates BIOCPII and BIOCPIII proved to be viable for the production of Brazilian Peppertree seedlings. Doses above 4.0 gdm-3 of granular fertilizer are recommended for better results.

RESUMOOs objetivos desse trabalho foram avaliar o uso de substratos à base de resíduos da agroindústria do palmito e lodo de esgoto compostados, na produção de mudas de Eucalyptus urograndis, com diferentes níveis de fertilizante, e compará-los a um substrato comercial. Foram utilizados 3 substratos à base de lodo de esgoto e casca de pupunha nas proporções: 50/50; 33/66 e 25/75 v:v, quatro doses de fertilizante granulado (0; 2,0; 4,0 e 6,0 g dm -3 ) e um substrato comercial. Foram avaliados o diâmetro de colo, altura das plantas, H/D, matéria seca da parte aérea e raiz e qualidade do torrão. O uso de lodo de esgoto e casca de pupunha tem viabilidade como substrato na produção de mudas de Eucalyptus urograndis, com desempenhos iguais ou superiores ao substrato comercial. O aumento das doses do fertilizante granulado proporcionou efeitos significativos na qualidade das mudas, sendo recomendado o uso de doses acima de 4,0 g dm -3 . Palavras-chave: biossólido; viveiros; substrato; eucalipto. ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of substrates based on residues from the peach palm and composted sewage sludge in the production of Eucalyptus urograndis seedlings with different levels of fertilizer and to compare them to a commercial substrate. Three substrates based on sewage sludge and peach palm were used in proportions: 50/50; 33/66 and 25/75 v: v, four levels of granular fertilizer (0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g dm -3 ) and a commercial substrate. The diameter of the colon, height of the plants, H/D, dry matter of shoot and root and quality of the log were evaluated. The sewage sludge use and peach palm has viability as a substrate in the production of Eucalyptus urograndis seedlings, with equal or superior performance to the commercial substrate. The level increase of the granulated fertilizer provided significant effects on the quality of the seedlings, being recommended the use of above 4.0 g dm -3 .

Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de compostos orgânicos produzidos a partir de resíduos da agroindústria do palmito pupunha e lodo de esgoto com diferentes níveis de fertilizante como substrato para produção de mudas de juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius). Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), em esquema fatorial de 3 x 4, sendo os tratamentos: substratos à base de lodo de esgoto e resíduos da agroindústria da palmeira pupunha (3 níveis: Biossólido + Casca de pupunha em proporções de 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 em volume) e doses de fertilizante granulado (4 níveis: 0; 2,0; 4,0 e 6,0 g dm-3) além de um substrato comercial, caracterizado como tratamento adicional porém, sem propósito de análise estatística, com quatro repetições, sendo caracterizadas como parcela útil, o total de dez plantas. Foram medidos: diâmetro de colo, altura das plantas, altura de planta/diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca de raiz, índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD), nutrientes na parte aérea e qualidade do torrão. O uso de biossólido e casca de pupunha apresenta viabilidade como substrato na produção de mudas de juçara. Os três substratos testados podem ser utilizados para a produção de mudas de juçara sem a adição de fertilizante granulado.

The Vale do Ribeira region has a large extension of Brazilian Atlantic Forest, and in most cities, low environmental impact activities predominate, such as sand mining. Sand mining has been trying to adapt their industrial activities to low environmental impact, aiming at the protection of permanent preservation areas (PPAs) of riparian forests. The objective of this work was to conduct a case study focused on monitoring and initial growth of forest species by 18 months. This study was performed in a riparian forest site on the Ribeira de Iguape River, Registro, state of São Paulo, Brazil, in a PPA with extraction of river bed sand. Forest species height, stem diameter and mortality index, and rainfall were evaluated in the period. Non-pioneer species accounted for 42.7 % of the forest, while pioneer species accounted for 53.1 %. These proportions are in accordance with local legislation, which establishes a lower limit of 40 % in planting for both groups. Drought periods and leaf-cutting ants at the beginning of growth stages contributed to a higher mortality index and irregular development of some species, however, even during such adversities, forest species indicated resistance to these conditions. Pioneer species had more important development, with emphasis on Senna multijuga, Alchornea triplinervia, Citharexylum myrianthum and Trema micranta, these species must be taken into consideration during the first stages of a project which aims at recovering degraded areas in riparian forests of Atlantic Forest.