No abstract

The development of bamboo fibre (BF) reinforced poly lactic acid (PLA) BF-PLA composites has been growing fast among the natural fibre reinforced composites (NFRCs) over the past few years. BF-PLA composites have gained significant interest as sustainable alternative materials for the engineering and industrial sectors. BF-PLA composites are getting popular due to their remarkable features such as eco-friendliness, biodegradability, recyclability, low cost, low specific weight, and improved mechanical and thermal properties. In this paper, a schematic review of the BF-PLA composites was conducted in terms of mechanical properties (i.e., tensile properties, flexural properties, and impact strength), thermal characteristics with and without chemical treatment, and creep behaviour. Moreover, the sustainability aspects, including biodegradability and recyclability of BF-PLA composites, have been discussed based on various manufacturing methods. In addition, the utilization of BF-PLA composites in the additive manufacturing industry, sustainable packaging, structural, dielectric, and automotive applications are also described to make elevations toward future research and industrial implementations or commercialization. Furthermore, the effects of 3D printing parameters on the mechanical and physical properties of printed BF-PLA objects have been summarized. Significantly, this paper highlights the limitations and future perspectives of the BF-PLA composites.

Accuracy and topography are significant indicators of precision machined high-quality surfaces. Case hardened steel (16MnCr5) was analyzed to obtain information about the effects of technological data and the connections between the analyzed accuracy (roundness) and roughness parameters (Sa, Sz, Ssk, Sku). It was found that the feed rate has a significant influence on the roundness and the roughness parameters, and there are strong relationships between the roundness and these roughness parameter values: the correlation coefficients varied between 0.78 and 0.85.

Weft knitted single jersey (S/J) and lycra single jersey (lycra S/J) fabrics are popular in the textile industry for their lightweight and excellent physical and dimensional properties. However, the property investigation is required to ensure the quality before starting bulk production with any fabrics. The main aim of this study is to compare the physical and dimensional properties of S/J and lycra S/J with considering the manufacturing parameters in order to reduce the manufacturing time as well as cost. The physical properties such as grey GSM (Gram per square meter), finish GSM, bursting strength, color fastness to washing and rubbing; dimensional properties i.e., shrinkage and spirality of S/J and lycra S/J fabric have been investigated and compared while the manufacturing parameters stitch length, machine diameter, machine gauge, number of needles, width etc. and finishing parameters were same. In this current research, the internationally approved methods are performed for example ISO to test fabric GSM, spirality and color fastness to wash; ASTM for bursting strength test; AATCC to measure the shrinkage and color fastness to rubbing or crocking. During the investigation, it is observed that there is a significant difference between grey GSM, finish GSM and bursting strength for both of the fabrics. Moreover, the shrinkage property of lycra S/J fabric is better than S/J fabric. In terms of color fastness to rubbing and spirality, slight differences are found too. However, in case of color fastness to wash, both fabrics exhibited similar behavior.