How Internet addiction affects happiness of university students in terms of their cognitive and emotional resources was not adequately investigated. One of the inner resources of life satisfaction and happiness is defined as psychological capital (PsyCap), under the paradigm of positive psychology. PsyCap consists of four main sub-factors: hope, resilience, self-efficacy, and optimism. The major purpose of this study is to examine the role of Internet addiction and social media membership on PsyCap. The interaction between social media membership and Internet addiction was also investigated. The study employed a quantitative approach of scientific inquiry which combined descriptive, relational, and comparative models. The sample consisted of 209 students at a medium size state university in Turkey. Internet Addiction Inventory (Young, 1998) and Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans et al., 2007) were employed as data gathering tools. A demographic data sheet was also used for determining the reasons and the amount of time for using Internet. In analyzing data, a set of correlation, analysis of variance, and multiple regression techniques were conducted. The results were complex. Internet addiction and PsyCap were negatively correlated. Students who spend more time on the Internet and social media, who are male and use Internet for daily communication were more likely to have higher Internet addiction scores. PsyCap can be significantly predicted by academic success, Internet addiction and having a blog. Although social media using time was not interacted with PsyCap, social media membership leaded to both higher PsyCap and higher Internet addiction. Especially, PsyCap scores of the students who had Linkedln and YouTube accounts were significantly higher. Internet addiction scores were also higher for students having Twitter, YouTube, Pinterest, and Linkedln accounts. It can be concluded that Internet addiction decreases PsyCap. Social media membership increases both Internet addiction and PsyCap.
This article theorizes the functional relationship between the human components (i.e., scholars) and non-human components (i.e., structural configurations) of academic domains. It is organized around the following question: in what ways have scholars formed and been formed by the structural configurations of their academic domain? The article uses as a case study the academic domain of education and technology to examine this question. Its authorship approach is innovative, with a worldwide collection of academics (99 authors) collaborating to address the proposed question based on their reflections on daily social and academic practices. This collaboration followed a three-round process of contributions via email. Analysis of these scholars’ reflective accounts was carried out, and a theoretical proposition was established from this analysis. The proposition is of a mutual (yet not necessarily balanced) power (and therefore political) relationship between the human and non-human constituents of an academic realm, with the two shaping one another. One implication of this proposition is that these non-human elements exist as political ‘actors’, just like their human counterparts, having ‘agency’ – which they exercise over humans. This turns academic domains into political (functional or dysfunctional) ‘battlefields’ wherein both humans and non-humans engage in political activities and actions that form the identity of the academic domain. For more information about the authorship approach, please see Al Lily AEA (2015) A crowd-authoring project on the scholarship of educational technology. Information Development. doi: 10.1177/0266666915622044.
Özetİnternet ve sosyal ağ kullanım oranlarında yaşanan artışa paralel olarak Türkiye'de gençler arasında siber zorbalığın artış gösterdiği ve bu kavramın giderek daha fazla sayıda araştırmaya konu olduğu görülmektedir.Ancak yapılan araştırmalar incelendiğinde Türkiye'de ergenler üzerinde kapsamlı bir siber zorbalık araştırmasına rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu araştırmada Türkiye'de ergenler arasında siber zorbalığın yaygınlığını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye'nin yedi bölgesinden 1400 yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Ayrıca bu araştırma kapsamında siber zorba olma ile siber mağdur olma arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığına bakılmıştır. Son olarak bu araştırmada katılımcıların siber mağdur ya da zorba olma durumlarının cinsiyet, sınıf, şehir, bilgisayar sahipliği, İnternet bağlantısı, İnternet'te başkalarıyla tanışma ve sosyal medya kullanımı değişkenleri açısından fark gösterip göstermediği incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın bulgularına göre katılımcılar hem siber zorba hem de siber mağdur alt ölçeklerinden en yüksek puanı siber sahtecilik boyutundan almıştır. Ayrıca bu araştırmada siber zorbalık yapma ve mağdur olma arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu araştırmaya göre siber zorbalığa maruz kalmak cinsiyete göre değişmemekte, ancak siber zorba olmak erkekler lehine anlamlı bir farklılık göstermektedir. Ayrıca siber zorba ve kurban olma 8. sınıfların, İnternet sahibi olanların, sosyal medya hesabı kullananların ve İnternette tanımadıkları kişilerle arkadaşlık edenlerin lehine anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir.Bununla birlikte bu araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular siber zorba ve kurban olma düzeyinin en yüksek olduğu ilin İstanbul, en düşük olduğu ilin ise Gaziantep olduğunu göstermektedir.Anahtar kelimeler: İnternet, ergen, siber zorbalık 1 Bu araştırma, TÜBİTAK SOBAG tarafından desteklenen 113 K 170 No'lu TÜBİTAK projesi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir.
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