The use of wind energy is increased due to the high demand for sustainable energy. The penetration of wind energy in electrical networks might have several effects on load flow and power system stability. In this research, the transient stability of the IEEE 9-Bus system integrated with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is analyzed. Additionally, different penetration levels of a wind farm are considered. With a 5% penetration of wind energy, the maximum power angle of the synchronous generator is around 129 deg, which is quite similar to the existing system. In contrast, the power angle increases to 140 deg after adding more wind turbines with 15% wind farm penetration. Then, the system loses stability with a 25% penetration of wind energy. The results indicate that the high penetration of wind energy has a destabilizing impact on the studied network. Moreover, the location of the wind farm affects transient stability. This research intends to contribute towards assessing the stability of the power system integrated DFIG. Hence, this study will support the increase of using wind energy in power systems rather than conventional power plants and evaluate the stability to enable the reliability of alternative energy sources in the grid.

No abstract

There is a growing need for stability enhancement in modern electrical networks integrated with wind energy, particularly due to different oscillation modes disturbances. Power system stabilizers (PSSs) are used to mitigate oscillations and improve the stability of the power system. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of single-band PSS1A and multi-band PSS4C (MB-PSS4C) connected to the ST1A excitation system. An efficient approach in the selection of the parameters of MB-PSS4C using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed. A comparative investigation linked to the common Pattern Search and Simplex Search, from previous work, has been conducted to gauge the efficacy of PSO. The generator's transient stability with considerations of relative power angle (power angle differences), speed deviation, and active power of synchronous generators (SGs) are analyzed. Different wind penetration levels ranging from 36MW to 108 MW are integrated into the network and are investigated. Results demonstrate that PSO-MB-PSS4C connected to ST1A stabilizes the system effectively with reduced settling time while mitigating the peak power angle differences of SGs. Reduced settling time of 1.35 s is observed for wind penetration of 48 MW, with 43.31 ͦ peak power angle; while for high wind penetration of 108 MW, the settling time is around 8 s with peak power angle of 43.9 ͦ .

No abstract

Wind Energy serves as one of the most cost-efficient renewable sources of energy that reduces the carbon emissions. The need for stability enhancement in power systems with the integration of wind energy is a great concern as this is future forward towards energy sustainability. Multi-Band Power System Stabilizer (MB-PSS) has proven to be an effective controller to increase the efficiency and stability of power systems. This article presents a novel method for MB-PSS4C optimization under the fault condition, where the parameters are tuned based on the Simplex Search method. The wind energy integrated power system is investigated to assess the effect of wind energy uncertainty on transient stability and an in-depth analysis of actual wind speed is conducted. A 3-phase fault is carried out to evaluate the effect of Optimized OMB-PSS4C on the stability of two-area four-machine system integrated with wind energy. MATLAB is used to investigate transient stability based on the nonlinear simulation of relative power angle and speed deviation of synchronous generators (SGs). The presented results established that when the OMB-PSS4C and exciter ST1A are used, the relative power angle changed from an unstable to steady-state within the settling time of around 3 s with an accompanying decrease of peak value from 54.8 ͦ to 43.23 ͦ . The high penetration of wind energy has the potential to cause an increase in settling time, for instance the settling time increased to 7.87 s after integrating 108 MW based wind energy. However, the stability of the system is guaranteed with the utilization of OMB-PSS4C.