Gallbladder agenesis is a very rare presentation where surgeons were put in a situation to diagnose the same during laparoscopy for cholecystectomy or during diagnostic laparoscopy. The preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder agenesis remains a challenge to both surgeons and radiologists. Here we present a case of gall bladder agenesis in a 59-year-old male with a preoperative diagnosis of a contracted gallbladder. Agenesis was confirmed after diagnostic laparoscopy and MRCP.

Background: Current study was performed to compare the short-term surgical outcome of laparoscopic (TAPP) and open inguinal hernia mesh hernioplasty (Lichtenstein) in primary unilateral inguinal hernias such as time taken by patients to return to routine daily activities and return to work. Methods: This is a prospective, comparative study done in Apollo Main Hospital, Chennai comparing surgical outcomes between laparoscopic and open primary unilateral inguinal hernia mesh repair in a total of 60 patients with 30 patients in each arm. Results: Return to Job is 8 median days in laparoscopic group and 9 median days in open group which is significant with a p value of 0.000. Pain score at 12th hour is significantly lesser in laparoscopic group with a VAS score of 3 compared to open group with a VAS score of 4 with p value of 0.015. VAS score at POD 1 in laparoscopic group is 2 and in open group is 3 which is significantly lesser in laparoscopic group with a p value of 0.026. Pain score at POD 3 and 4 is significantly lesser in laparoscopic group with a p value of 0.001 and 0.008 respectively. laparoscopic group takes analgesia for a lesser number of days than the open group with a p value of 0.019. Conclusions: This study concludes laparoscopic repair for primary unilateral inguinal hernias is superior to Lichtenstein tension free mesh hernioplasty in terms of postoperative pain, early return to job and less consumption of postoperative analgesia.

Breast carcinoma is one of the most common cancers among women. There are different types of breast carcinoma that affects female such as localised, invasive ductal/lobular, advanced type. All of them can be managed with standard treatment and it has got variable prognosis. Yet there is another type of breast carcinoma with worst prognosis, low survival rate which does not have proper standard management, it is called as metaplastic carcinoma. We had a 60-year-old postmenopausal female who was diagnosed with metaplastic breast carcinoma managed by simple left mastectomy and Lattissmus dorsi flap.

Surgical materials are sometimes inadvertently left in the body after surgeries,Cotton materials are the commonest objects forgotten[1]. The implications for the patient and the surgeon are serious . A signicant complication of surgical practice is gossypiboma [2]. Despite signicant interest and numerous guidelines, there are few known incidents because of a multitude of variables , including possible legal repercussions .[2] Gossypiboma, also called textiloma or cottonoid , refers to a foreign object , such as cotton matrix or a sponge , inadvertently left in the body cavity at the end of a surgical operation[3]. Here we describe a rare instance of transluminal surgical sponge migration in a 30 year old female who underwent low transverse cesarean section 3 months ago and presents with abdominal distention, anorexia , constipation and weight loss. She was thoroughly evaluated with imaging and suspected features of subacute small bowel obstruction . Patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with bowel resection and anastomoses , Patient eventually got better and was discharged .

Growth of dermoid cyst on parietal peritoneum without any prior history of ovarian dermoid cyst is considered a rare condition. The presentation of peritoneal dermoid cyst is vague and depends on the location of the cyst. We report a case of a 28-year-old young female who presented at our outpatient department with vague right upper quadrant pain and no other complaints, but upon examination a swelling was felt on the right upper quadrant, she was investigated radiologically, which reported as a peritoneal cyst, she was taken up for surgery. The cyst was excised and confirmed histopathologically as a dermoid cyst. Clinical progress was uneventful and postoperative recovery was excellent.