The data highlight opportunities for early identification and intervention to potentially decrease the devastating mortality and morbidity of severe post-myocardial infarction MR.

Pulmonary venous flow acceleration in S1 was attributed to a net backward-going wave secondary to a fall in atrial pressure. However, flow acceleration in S2 was attributed to a net forward-going wave, consistent with propagation of the RV systolic pressure pulse across the lungs. Pulmonary vein systolic flow pattern, therefore, appears to be determined by right- as well as left-sided cardiac events.

In diabetic patients with MV-CAD, CABG was associated with a lower rate of long-term MACCE relative to PCI for both ACS and SIHD. A well-powered randomized trial of CABG versus PCI in the ACS population is warranted because these patients have been largely excluded from prior trials.

Prophylactic short-term steroid administration in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting significantly reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation. In this study, there was no significant difference between the steroid group and the placebo group with regard to the length of hospital stay; however, the steroid group had more complications, which may contribute to prolonged hospitalization.