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Lumbar radicular pain is a significant burden for patients and is one of the most common complaints presented to spine practitioners. In the young, it is most often due to acute disc herniation, but in older patients, the onset is usually multifactorial. Most cases resolve on their own, but many patients experience recurrences. This chapter reviews a continuum of treatment options, from comprehensive physical rehabilitation to surgery. Understanding the pathophysiologic process may allow a more meaningful understanding of the development of chronic neuropathic pain of the extremity. A comprehensive history and physical examination, with findings confirmed by radiologic studies as warranted, may raise red flags early in the process and will facilitate efficient treatment of the underlying issues. An interdisciplinary approach may allow for earlier improvement and suitable treatment as needed.

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