Background: The human voice is a prominent feature and the most susceptible to environmental changes, lifestyle, and age. Voice problems tend to be significantly under-reported and consequently less likely to be clinically treated. It is yet to be established if the cause lies in the lack of awareness or the impermanent nature of most voice disorders. Objective: To evaluate the patterns and perceptions about vocal use and misuse among young adults in Pakistan. Method: The study used a cross-sectional survey design. A convenient sampling technique was employed to collect the data from n=242 healthy young adults aged 18-25 years studying in colleges and universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. A 32-item survey questionnaire titled “patterns and Perceptions about voice use and Misuse” was employed, with a portion for demographic data and five sections dedicated to general awareness, self-perception about voice, and habits of vocal use and misuse. Results: The results regarding the perception and patterns of vocal use and misuse reflects that 88.3% of the participants agreed that precautionary measure would help them to avoid voice disorder. In contrast, 83.3% of the participants reported screaming and yelling as part of their vocal pattern. Participants showed a strong association with the positive attributes related to their voice such as beautiful as 82.2% of the participants reported their voice as pleasant. Conclusion: The study concluded that the outcome of participants’ perceptions and their patterns of vocal behavior were significantly atypical. Screaming and smoking were the most frequently reported response by adults but on the other hand, they did not seek professional help and did not perceive their voice as unpleasant voice. Keywords: speech therapy; voice disorder; vocal misuse; young adults
Introduction: Pandemics affect people in a defeatist manner and become stressful for people with relatives which need specific forms of care and attention. The study was conducted to find out if anxiety prevails among caretakers during the Covid-19 Pandemic as according to the literature review caregivers experience burden and fears related to their care-recipients and telerehabilitation. Material and Methods: The study used cross sectional survey and quantitative research.50 care-givers participated in the research where they filled online questionnaires inspired and derived from care-giver burden scale and beck anxiety inventory. Anxiety was clearly evident as most of the care-givers agreed to have feelings of nervousness 19 (38%), feeling anxious 18 (36%), feeling distressed 22 (44%), complaints about emotional burden 23 (43%) and 23 (46%) constant immersion in duties towards care-recipients. Results: SPSS tables depict the analyzed results and their interpretation. The results show 36%of the care-givers agreed that they face anxiety when a situation gets out of control, 44% were distressed about not getting enough help from healthcare team and other family and friends, 55% are apprehensive about their present condition and 46% are emotionally challenged and constantly immersed in duties owing to their family members. Conclusions: Anxiety and depression as a result of caregiving burden is common among care-givers and needs to be addressed as soon as possible. This makes it essential that health professionals pay heed and attention to develop interventions for care-givers and provide them with pertinent knowledge. Keywords: anxiety, care burden, caregiver, covid 19, pandemic, telerehabilitation
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