Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) regularly face the risk of exposure to sharp injuries and splashes as an occupational hazard, which presents a major risk for acquiring blood-borne infectious agents. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the occurrence of needlestick injuries (NSIs) and other high-risk occupational exposures to blood and body fluids (BBFs) among HCWs in three teaching hospitals affiliated with the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2013 to December 2014. Information on self-reported incidents, circumstances surrounding occupational exposure, and post-exposure management were collected from an ongoing surveillance system. Descriptive statistics and chi square tests were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 236 incidents of occupational exposure were registered during the study period. Nurses (82, 34.7%) were most frequently exposed to BBFs, followed by physicians (57, 24.2%). Two hundred and nineteen (92.8%) of the personnel sustained NSIs, and 17 (7.2%) had splashes to mucus membranes. The incidents were most frequently reported from the internal medicine ward (19.1%) followed by the operating theater (17.1%). Subjects with splashes to mucus membranes were more likely to postpone seeking medical advice following exposure, as compared with needlestick cases (23.5% versus 5%, P < 0.016). A significantly greater proportion of pediatric and emergency department staff were found to delay post-exposure measures (P < 0.040). Conclusions:The relatively high prevalence of percutaneous injuries and splashes in this study emphasized the importance of improved prevention strategies, better hospital surveillance for occupational exposure, and enhanced training of healthcare workers.

Numerous different complications have been reported following Covid-19 disease.Although the disease often improves after going through various clinical phases,some people have Various complications, including coagulation disorders. The patient is a 59-year-old man who developed extensive heart thrombosis following covid19 involvement a month ago and was hospitalized with extensive cardiac dysrhythmias

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A perfect anesthesia technique is one in which anesthesia can be done in the shortest possible time with minimal hemodynamic changes and side effects This study is aimed to investigate the effects of concomitant administration of dexamethasone with bupivacaine on the duration of anesthesia and the quality of anesthesia-induced in patients undergoing cesarean section. This is a quasi-experimental study done on patients undergoing cesarean section by spinal anesthesia. All patients underwent standard monitoring after admission, then Ringer serum (5 cc/kg) was administered to the patients. The patients was then seated and subjected to intrathecal anesthesia with a midline approach in L3-L4 space. Patients were matched for baseline conditions. After recording background information, type and dosage of drugs used, blood pressure, heart rate, number and frequency of nausea and vomiting were listed in the checklist, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. In this study, 70 pregnant women who were candidates for cesarean section were included. All our studied parameters, including the mean time to the start of  analgesia, mean time of analgesia duration, analgesia duration, mean time to first request for analgesics were significantly improved among the intervention group. The use of dexamethasone and bupivacaine to induce spinal anesthesia during cesarean section can significantly shorten the onset time of analgesia and reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting. Dexamethasone can be used as an effective drug in cesarean section.

Examination and intervention are always the causes of agitation, anxiety, and fear in children’s lives. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of promethazine hydrochloride in reducing children’s agitation during the ocular examination for trauma. In this interventional-clinical trial study, a total of 62 children referred to Al-Zahra Ophthalmology Hospital in Zahedan, Iran, were evaluated in two matched groups (case (n = 31) and control (n = 31)) for an initial examination of ocular trauma. Finally, the intervention was performed (giving placebo or promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup 20 minutes before the initial ocular examination at 0.5 mg/kg), and the demographic information form and researcher-made questionnaire modeled on the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) were completed. The obtained results revealed that the mean scores of physical/aggressive behaviors (p ˂ 0.001), physical/nonaggressive behaviors (p = 0.013), verbal/aggressive behaviors (p ˂ 0.001), and hiding behaviors (p ˂ 0.001) were significantly lower in the promethazine hydrochloride-receiving group than the placebo group. These findings demonstrated that promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup facilitated the examination among the pediatric patients who suffered from traumatic ocular injuries. However, further studies in this field need to be carried out through randomized controlled trials.