Aim: to understand the perception of families regarding the possibility to accompany emergency care procedures of their beloved one. Method: this is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach. The sample is composed by 16 accompanying families of people who were treated in emergency rooms of units located in three cities in the South of Brazil. The data was collected in August 2015, through audio recorded interviews, later transcribed, and sent to analysis of content based on the themes. Results: the relatives mentioned they would have liked to accompany their beloved ones during emergency care. They believed that they could have demonstrated support to the patient, and they would have understood better the clinical condition.Yet, the fact they were not present during emergency care demonstrated the presence of feelings, such as sadness, despair, impotence, and feelings of family abandonment. Final considerations: health professionals of emergency rooms need, according to the possibilities present in the units, allow that families are near to their beloved ones during care procedures.
Objective:To study the factors that infl uence the perception of acute pain and the consequences of this experience in patients suff ering from mild trauma. Method: Descriptive qualitative study conducted in an emergency service in southern Brazil. Data was collected in October 2013, through semi-structured interviews with 29 individuals who reported pain after physical trauma, regardless of the triggering factor. To process the data, we used a Content Analysis technique, subject modality. Results: Two categories emerged: Factors that infl uence the perception of pain resulting from trauma and, Consequences of acute pain due to trauma. The acute pain sensation was infl uenced by biological, emotional, spiritual and socio-cultural factors and induced biological and emotional consequences for individuals. Conclusion:The health professionals need to consider the factors that infl uence soreness and its consequences for the proper assessment and management of pain resulting from trauma. Keywords: Acute pain. Pain perception. Wounds and injuries. Emergency medical service. Nursing care. RESUMOObjetivo: conhecer os fatores que infl uenciam a percepção da dor aguda e as consequências dessa experiência em pacientes vítimas de trauma leve. Método: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado em um serviço de pronto atendimento no Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em outubro de 2013, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com 29 indivíduos que relataram dor após trauma físico, independentemente do fator desencadeador. Para o tratamento dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: fatores que infl uenciam a percepção da dor decorrente de trauma e consequências da dor aguda decorrente de trauma. A sensação dolorosa aguda foi infl uenciada por fatores biológicos, emocionais, espirituais e socioculturais e acarretou consequências biológicas e emocionais nos indivíduos. Conclusão: Os profi ssionais de saúde precisam considerar os fatores interferentes na sensação dolorosa e suas consequências para a adequada avaliação e manejo da dor decorrente do trauma. Palavras-chave: Dor aguda. Percepção da dor. Ferimentos e lesões. Serviços médicos de emergência. Cuidados de enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo:Conocer los factores que infl uyen la percepción del dolor agudo y las consecuencias de esta experiencia en pacientes que sufren trauma leve. Método: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo realizado en un servicio de urgencia en el sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en octubre de 2013, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 29 individuos que informaron dolor después de un traumatismo físico. Para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido, temática. Resultados: Emergieron dos categorías: factores que infl uyen en la percepción del dolor resultante de trauma y consecuencias de dolor agudo debido a traumatismo. La sensación dolorosa aguda fue infl uenciada por factores biológicos, emocionales, espiritual...
ResumoObjetivo: apreender como pacientes vítimas de trauma percebem a presença da família durante o atendimento emergencial. Mé-todos: estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, realizado com 29 pacientes assistidos em uma unidade de pronto atendimento no sul do Brasil. Os dados, coletados em outubro de 2013, por meio de entrevista aberta, foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os pacientes vítimas de trauma percebiam como positiva a presença da família durante o atendimento emergencial e desejavam-na; acreditavam que seus familiares também gostariam de estar presentes. A motivação principal para desejar a presença da família na sala de emergência era a possibilidade de esta proporcionar confiança e conforto ao paciente e, ao mesmo tempo, tranquilizar os familiares à medida que lhes permite obter mais informações sobre a evolução do quadro clínico e acompanhar o atendimento. Conclusão: profissionais de saúde atuantes em salas de emergência devem considerar a possibilidade de integrar a família no espaço de cuidado às vítimas de trauma já que os pacientes consideraram essa prática vantajosa para si próprios e seus familiares. PalavRas-cHaveFerimentos e lesões, serviços médicos de emergência, família, percepção, enfermagem familiar (Fonte: DeCS, BIREME).
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The profile of victims assisted by emergency units with severe pain and the satisfaction with analgesia should guide therapeutic approaches and care in such services. This study aimed at observing socio-demographic characteristics associated to severe pain in trauma victims and at evaluating whether there have been differences in clinical approaches and satisfaction with analgesia for those with moderate or severe pain. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out with 83 patients with acute, moderate or severe pain after physical trauma. Data were collected in October 2013 by means of a structured tool with questions about socio-demographic profile and pain evaluation after initial medical assistance. RESULTS: It was observed that 53.02% of respondents have classified pain at admission as severe, which was associated to age between 18 and 49 years and education less than eight years. Individuals with severe pain had higher chances of simultaneously receiving non-pharmacological measures and intravenous drugs, have reported improvement only 30 minutes after their administration and were not happy with analgesia. CONCLUSION: Most patients were young, with education less than eight years and have reported severe pain. Dissatisfaction with analgesia was more frequent among severe pain patients. Health professionals should be alert for age and education characteristics when evaluating pain in trauma victims and should carefully evaluate clinical approaches to be used.
Introducción: Diferentes factores pueden estar asociados a la génesis y mantenimiento del cuadro de dolor en víctimas de trauma. La baja evaluación y el bajo tratamiento del dolor agudo en las unidades de urgencia han llevado a una atención descalificada, aumentando la morbilidad y el tiempo de internación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar los factores asociados al nivel de dolor en la admisión y en el alta en víctimas de trauma. <br /><br />Metodología: Estudio transversal, realizado con 92 víctimas de trauma atendidas en una unidad de urgencia en el Sur de Brasil. La intensidad y ubicación del dolor fueron evaluadas, respectivamente, por medio de la escala numérica de dolor y diagrama corporal. Los datos fueron analizados con ayuda de la estadística no paramétrica. <br /><br />Resultados: Los hallazgos indicaron asociación del dolor más intenso en la admisión o en el alta a características como: sexo masculino, edad más joven, color de la piel no blanca, presencia de compañero, heridas ocasionadas por quemadura, presencia de prescripción medicamentosa, administración analgésica por vía endovenosa y tiempo superior a 30 minutos para mejora del dolor con la farmacoterapia. <br /><br />Conclusión: La institución de protocolos o algoritmos de medición y tratamiento del dolor por los profesionales de salud en las unidades de urgencia debe considerar tales características a fin de prestar una asistencia resolutiva y de calidad.<br /><br />
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