AimTo compare the clinical effectiveness of the two most commonly used LMWHs, dalteparin (DALT) and enoxaparin (ENOX), in thromboprophylaxis of elective total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR).Material and methodsTo the prospective, randomized study were included 66 adult patients qualified to undergo THR or TKR (age 63 ± 12 years, 44 women). The patients were randomized to daily in-hospital subcutaneous prophylaxis with 5,000 I.U. of DALT or 40 mg of enoxaparin. Clinical and laboratory data were collected before surgery, and on 1st and 5th days after surgery.ResultsThirty-four patients were randomized to prophylaxis with ENOX and 32 with DALT. The groups did not differ significantly in age, sex, creatinine and most of the laboratory parameters. The compared groups had similar surgical parameters, but more patients in the ENOX group received red blood cell infusion (17(50%) vs 8(25%); p < 0.05). The Lee–White coagulation time mildly decreased in ENOX and DALT following the surgery (p = ns). There was a shortening of Duke’s bleeding time in DALT after the surgery and it became significantly quicker than that in ENOX on Day 5 (p = 0.03).ConclusionThe observed difference in Duke’s bleeding time and exceeding blood loss during the surgery on the enoxaparin demands confirmation, as it can be important information for clinical management.

The aim: To analyze the leading trends in sanitary and hygienic education of children and adults in Galicia during the late XIX – the 30s of the XX century and define opportunities to use this historical experience in the current context of the spread of COVID-19 virus in Ukraine. Materials and methods: Chronological, historical, specific search, content-analysis– provide selection and analysis of the source base, allow to determine general trends, directions of development, achievements and gaps of sanitary and hygienic education of children and adults in Galicia in the late XIX – 30sof the XX century; extrapolation and actualization – focus on creative thinking, adaptation and use of this historical experience in today’s conditions. Conclusions: Under the current conditions of the COVID-19 spread, analysis of this retro experience projects to develop a scientific concept of health education, which would outline theoretical approaches to studying this problem, creating a comprehensive state program aimed at preventing infectious diseases, restoration of gene elaboration of clear recommendations on observance of sanitary and hygienic norms and conditions established by quarantine zones, carrying out anti-epidemic measures at educational institutions and among the adult population, informing about prevention and peculiarities of the COVID-19 disease spread, etc.

The aim: To analyze the leading trends in anti-alcohol education of children, youth and adults in Western Ukraine from the end of the 19th centry till the 1930s and to determine the possibilities of using this historical experience under modern conditions. Materials and methods: A number of scientific methods were used in the research: chronological, historical, specific-search methods that provide selection, analysis of the source base, make it possible to determine general trends, directions, forms, achievements of anti-alcohol education of children, youth and adults in Western Ukraine from the end of the 19th century till the 1930s; extrapolation and actualization i.e. focus on creative understanding, adaptation and use of this historical experience under modern conditions, consideration of anti-alcohol education of children, youth and adults as a factor in the formation of health preservation and in general the Ukrainian gene pool under the modern challenges of the war, which Ukraine faced. Conclusions: Knowledge about a healthy lifestyle became the basis for people’s health-preserving behavior, anti-alcohol education acted as a factor in the formation of the health-preserving competence of an individual, which included relevant knowledge, skills and behavior for creating and cultivating a health-preserving environment. This experience now deserves to be used creatively in the process of forming the health-saving competence of the individual throughout his life.

The aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of propofol use during neurosurgical operations of different durations. Materials and methods: 72 patients were divided into three groups depending on the type of operations; it were group 1 (ventriculostomy), group 2 (hematoma removal), and group 3 (tumor removal), the anesthesia durations in these groups were 65±5 min, 145±7 min and 225±10 min, respectively. Total propofol doses in patients of groups 1, 2, and 3 were 452±22 mg, 710±42 mg, and 966±51 mg, respectively. Before intervention and 1 h post operation, blood gas composition, serum levels of transaminase, triglycerides, creatine phosphokinase, and potassium, rate of urine output, level of mean arterial pressure, and heart rhythm rate were determined. Results: No significant deviations concerning hemodynamic indicators, blood gas composition, changes of creatine kinase activity were found for any group patients during the perioperative period. The rate of urine output in all patients reached above 0.5 ml/kg/h without saluretics use. The deviated transaminase values returned to their normal ones during 24 h post intervention. The triglycerides levels were in normal range proving the absence of propofol doses used on the lipid metabolism. Conclusions: Anesthetic protection of neurosurgical interventions using propofol in doses 2.5-3 mg/kg and 3.60.3 mg/kg/h for induction anesthesia and for anesthesia support, respectively, is safe and does not lead to dangerous undesired consequences. However, the propofol use for prolonged patient sedation and his/her adaptation for prolonged lung ventilation needs further studies.

The aim: The purpose of the study is to develop a scientifically grounded methodology for the formation of ecological consciousness among students on the activity basis, taking into account the interdisciplinary approach in the process of extracurricular work. Materials and methods: The research was conducted during 2016–2021 on the basis of pedagogical faculty of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University (PNU, Ukraine) in several stages.At the theoretical and diagnostic stage, the state of problem development in the scientific literature was studied; international documents on environmental protection and sustainable development were studied; domestic pedagogical experience was analyzed and generalized; through interviews, questionnaires, observations, interviews a statement experiment was carried out, which resulted in initial data on the state of environmental knowledge of future professionals, study the results of students’ acquisition of environmental knowledge in university, their attitude to environmental protection, willingness to improve their knowledge of nature. 200 students were involved in the experiment. Also, students from the Warsaw Medical University (WMU, Poland) were interviewed. Results: The ecological consciousness formation among future specialists has to be done on the activity basis. It should be a purposeful and completely voluntary process, taking into account the students’ interests on interdisciplinary basis, using traditional methods (narration, conversation, lecture, etc.), but with an emphasis on the activity basis. Environmental education in higher education institutions should gain the status of a strategic large-scale and high priority course, with expanded and updated content, form and methods of training, which are based on the activity basis. Conclusions: Forms and methods of ecologic and humanistic nature forming the ecological consciousness of a person create a model of positive moral and social behavior; forming such a behavior among students will ensure the nature preservation on planet Earth.