Pulse contour analysis-derived CO (Vigileo system) underestimates CO(TPID) and is not as reliable as transpulmonary thermodilution in septic patients.

In cardiac surgical patients with preserved cardiac index, SVV, but not SPV, decreased during an acute increase in BP, whereas both parameters, in contrast to cardiac filling pressures, significantly increased with higher tidal volume.

An acute increase in SVR by increasing norepinephrine dosage results in a reversible increase in central blood volumes (ITBV, GEDV) as measured by transpulmonary thermodilution and supported by echocardiography.

Measurement of cardiac output by transpulmonary thermodilution is not influenced by EVLWI in critically ill patients and loss of indicator as the underlying reason is probably overestimated.