Abstract. Low-grade, polymorphic adenocarcinomas occur mainly in females and are usually associated with the small salivary glands of the palate. The tumors are malignant, but not aggressive. Regional neck as well as distant metastasis is rare and the mortality rate is low. Cribriform adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands is a rare tumor, currently ranked among low-grade, polymorphic adenocarcinomas of the salivary glands. However, it differs from carcinomas in this group as it metastasizes to the cervical lymph nodes and exhibits frequent primary localization in the small salivary glands at the base of the tongue. Despite the tendency to metastasize, patient prognosis remains favorable. A case of a 72-year-old woman with neck metastases of cribriform adenocarcinoma, of unknown primary origin, is reported. The primary tumor origin was ultimately determined using nuclear magnetic resonance, histological verification was difficult due to the presence of an intact mucosal cover over the tumor. Cribriform adenocarcinoma is known to have a number of characteristics in common with a typical low-grade, salivary gland adenocarcinoma. However, in contrast to low-grade adenocarcinomas, the tumor presented with neck lymph node metastasis.
Most rubber articles are prepared from filler-elastomer compounds and dynamic mechanical data can give valuable insight into behavior of such systems. The aim of this study was to compare complex tensile modulus E Ã and complex shear modulus G Ã using seven types of vulcanized filled rubbers and two testing devices.Carbon black and clay filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds were tested. The E Ã value was measured using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA DX04T from R.M.I.) and the G Ã value using a rubber process analyzer (RPA 2000 from Alpha Technologies) at 1 Hz, 308C and at small deformation amplitudes common to both devices. For characterization of tested materials absolute values of complex modulus jE Ã j and jG Ã j were used together with values of loss factor tan d.The highest values of jE Ã j, jG Ã j and tan d in tested carbon blacks were obtained for type N330. The highest values of jE Ã j, jG Ã j and tan d in tested clay fillers were found for organoclay Cloisite 93A.Maximum at the dependence tan d/amplitude, obtained in a broader shear amplitude range, was found to be smaller for carbon black filled compounds than expected and maximum at this dependence for clay filled compounds was not observed.The amplitude dependences of analogous dynamic mechanical characteristics from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and rubber process analysis (RPA) measurements seem to be similar. Between the analogous dynamic mechanical characteristics from DMA and from RPA usually a linear relationship exists with high correlation coefficient.Conclusions derived from DMA and RPA testing on the same series of rubber compounds seem to be the same.
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