The objective of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of piglets in the nursery phase in the presence of pure sisal ropes, soaked with different flavors as a means of environmental enrichment. Sixty-four piglets with 35 days of age in the nursery phase were used, piglets were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design in 16 pens, with four animals in each pen and there was no separation of pens by group. Three treatments were used: Pure rope (PR) which was considered the control of the pen, rope soaked in vanilla essence and sugar (SV), and rope soaked in coffee (SC). An ethogram was prepared for observations of the following behavioral parameters, eating, drinking, urinating, defecating, lying down, standing, playful, and others. The parameters were measured every 10 minutes in a total of three daily assessments with two hours each for a period of three days. There was a greater preference of piglets for the SV rope with a percentage of 63.2% in the observations of the interactions. A possible justification for the result is the fact that this rope is the most palatable for piglets since piglets prefer sweet tastes. The PR rope aroused curiosity in the piglets, with a percentage of observations of 21.4%. Therefore, the use of equipment flavored with sweet vanilla taste is promising as a means of environmental enrichment, being more interesting to piglets.

However, the main effect of Met + Cys was observed (P <0.05) for the following variables: egg shell and yolk weight; deposition of nitrogen (N), ether extract (EE) in albumen and ash; chemical composition of the egg in natural and dry matter (CP, EE and Ash in the albumen, reconstituted egg and DM in albumen) for the total cholesterol. The effect of the increase in a Met + Cys levels resulted in an increase of 18.17% in the cholesterol content. Experiment 2: the interaction effect (P < 0.05) between Thr* Zn was observed for most of the observed variables. However, the main effect (P < 0.05) of the amino acid was observed for the following variables: egg shell and yolk weights, in the chemical composition of the egg in the NM (EE yolk), where the increase in Thr levels resulted in increased of yolk EE, Therefore, it is concluded that in both experiments the chelated mineral utilization in laying diets can bring benefits to egg quality, improving some parameters of the egg chemical composition.

Highlights:Interaction of dietary levels of methionine + cystine and organic copper. Chemical composition of the egg. Met + Cys was determinant on yolk cholesterol concentration in laying hens. AbstractThe present study aims to evaluate the possible interactions of dietary levels of methionine plus cystine (Met + Cys) and organic copper (Cu) on the chemical composition of eggs, using 320 Hy-Line Brown hens at 49 weeks of age. Composition and deposition variables were evaluated in a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement, with total analysed levels of 18, 44, 71, and 99 mg kg -1 of Cu and 0.613, 0.631, 0.816, 0.918, and 0.955% Met + Cys. We allocated four replicate cages (four hens/cage) to each treatment group. Two eggs per plot were sampled to determine the chemical composition of albumen and yolk, based on natural and dry matter and on daily rates of deposition. An interaction effect of Met + Cys and Cu levels was observed for deposition rates of ash and Cu in the yolk, and the chemical composition of Ethereal Extract (EE) and ash in eggs, EE in albumen and Nitrogen, EE, and ash in the yolk. An isolated effect was observed for Met + Cys on egg chemical composition and on shell and yolk fractions, as well as on deposition rates of albumen N, EE, and ash, and yolk EE. The yolk cholesterol content increased by 18.17% with increasing Met + Cys in diets. In conclusion, the chemical composition of eggs varied with dietary Met + Cys and organic Cu concentrations. Dietary levels of Met + Cys determined the yolk cholesterol concentration in laying hens. ResumoO presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as possíveis interações dos níveis alimentares de metionina mais cistina (Met + Cys) e cobre orgânico (Cu) na composição química dos ovos, utilizando 320 galinhas Hy-Line Brown com 49 semanas de idade. As variáveis de composição e deposição foram avaliadas em arranjo fatorial 4 × 5, com níveis totais analisados de 18, 44, 71 e 99 mg kg-1 de Cu e 0,613, 0,631, Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 41, n. 1, p. 269-282, jan./fev. 2020 Souza, J. C. S. M. et al.0,816, 0,918 e 0,955% de Met + Cys. Alocaram-se quatro gaiolas replicadas (quatro galinhas / gaiola) para cada grupo de tratamento. Foram amostrados dois ovos por parcela para determinar a composição química do albúmen e da gema, com base na matéria natural e seca e nas taxas diárias de deposição. Foi observado um efeito de interação dos níveis de Met + Cys e Cu para as taxas de deposição de cinzas e Cu na gema e composição química do Extrato Etéreo (EE) e cinzas nos ovos, EE no albume e nitrogênio, EE e cinzas na gema. gema. Um efeito isolado foi observado para Met + Cys na composição química dos ovos e nas frações de casca e gema, bem como nas taxas de deposição de N no albúmen, EE e cinzas e gema EE. O teor de colesterol na gema aumentou 18,17% com o aumento de Met + Cys nas dietas. A composição do ovo variou com as concentrações de Met + Cys e Cu orgânico. Os níveis alimentares de Met + Cys determinaram a concentração de colesterol na gema em galinhas poedeiras. Palavras-c...

The present study aims to evaluate the possible interactions of dietary levels of methionine plus cystine (Met + Cys) and organic copper (Cu) on the chemical composition of eggs, using 320 Hy-Line Brown hens at 49 weeks of age. Composition and deposition variables were evaluated in a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement, with total analysed levels of 18, 44, 71, and 99 mg kg-1 of Cu and 0.613, 0.631, 0.816, 0.918, and 0.955% Met + Cys. We allocated four replicate cages (four hens/cage) to each treatment group. Two eggs per plot were sampled to determine the chemical composition of albumen and yolk, based on natural and dry matter and on daily rates of deposition. An interaction effect of Met + Cys and Cu levels was observed for deposition rates of ash and Cu in the yolk, and the chemical composition of Ethereal Extract (EE) and ash in eggs, EE in albumen and Nitrogen, EE, and ash in the yolk. An isolated effect was observed for Met + Cys on egg chemical composition and on shell and yolk fractions, as well as on deposition rates of albumen N, EE, and ash, and yolk EE. The yolk cholesterol content increased by 18.17% with increasing Met + Cys in diets. In conclusion, the chemical composition of eggs varied with dietary Met + Cys and organic Cu concentrations. Dietary levels of Met + Cys determined the yolk cholesterol concentration in laying hens.

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