Prevalence of dysmenorrhea in university students and its relation to school absenteism, physical exercise and use of medicinesPrevalencia de dismenorrea en universitarias y su relación con absentismo escolar, actividad física y uso de medicamentos RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de dismenorreia em universitárias e a frequência de absenteísmo escolar, prática de exercícios físicos e utilização de medicamentos para tratamento dessa síndrome. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com jovens universitárias por meio de um questionário autoaplicado contendo dados sociodemográficos, obstétricos e ginecológicos. Avaliou-se a dor menstrual através da escala visual analógica (EVA). Para análise descritiva dos dados, foram utilizadas frequência, percentagem, média e desvio padrão. Resultados: A amostra constou de 130 mulheres, com idade entre 17 e 33 anos (20,6±2,7 anos). Cento e vinte quatro voluntárias (95,4%) queixaram-se de dismenorreia. Quanto à sua intensidade, a maioria sentia dor menstrual moderada ou grave (51,6% e 36,3%, respectivamente). Sessenta (48,4%) participantes referiram absenteísmo escolar devido à dor menstrual; dessas, nenhuma tinha dor leve. Dentre as voluntárias que apresentavam dismenorreia moderada e grave, apenas 24 (20,2%) praticavam exercício físico e a maioria delas (79%) necessitava utilizar fármacos para tratar essa síndrome. Conclusão: A dismenorreia teve alta prevalência entre as universitárias avaliadas e na maior parte dos casos se apresentou com intensidade limitante, levando ao absenteísmo escolar. A maioria das mulheres com dismenorreia de intensidades moderada e grave não pratica exercício físico e necessita utilizar medicamentos para tratar essa síndrome.
Objective To assess the efficacy of vaginal electrical stimulation (VS) versus transcutaneous tibial nerve electrical stimulation (TTNS) in women with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Material and Methods Sixty‐nine patients were randomized to receive 12 sessions of VS versus TTNS, or no treatment (control group—CG), over 6 weeks. OAB impact according to international consultation on incontinence questionnaire overactive bladder module (ICIQ‐OAB), symptoms discomfort scores and voiding diaries were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks and 1‐month post‐treatment. Results Both TTNS (mean difference = −4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −6.5 to −1.9) and VS (−3.8; −6.0 to −1.6) were associated with significant reduction of ICIQ‐OAB scores, as well as discomfort sensation (−3.9; −6.2 to −1,7; p < 0.001 for the TTNS and −2.8; −5.0 to −0.6; p = 0.01 for the VS) at 6 weeks when compared to CG (p < 0.001). ICIQ‐OAB score remained low only in the TTNS group when compared to the CG (−3.6; −6.0 to −1.2/p = 0.00) 1 month after treatment. Discomfort symptoms improved in both active groups when compared to CG (TTNS [−3.2; −5.2 to −1.2; p < 0.001] and VS groups [−2.6; −4.7 to −0.6; p = 0.01]). No statistically differences were found in primary outcomes comparing TTNS and VS Secondary analysis showed significant improvement in urinary urgency incontinence episodes (UUI) in both TTNS and VS, but CG. UUI episodes were still reduced in the VS group and urgency in the TTNS group 1‐month post‐treatment. Conclusion Short‐term interventions (6 weeks) of TTNS and VS were both effective in treating women with OAB. TTNS provided residual effects at one‐month postintervention on ICIQ‐OAB score.
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