The chemical structures and concentrations of an organism's natural products are dependent upon its genome and environmental factors. Examples are the complex metabolite solutions resulting from plant and fermentation processes. Here, we describe sensor arrays composed of supramolecular ensembles that undergo indicator displacement and discriminate selected flavonoids and mixtures thereof: wine varietals. Changes in UV-vis absorbance upon indicator displacement in the array were analyzed using pattern recognition protocols. The flavonoids were differentiated in terms of structure and concentration, while red wines were generally classified by varietals, even from different vintners. The technique highlights the power of differential sensor arrays to classify mixtures by metabolite distribution, even when the natural products are not known.

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Following the events of 9/11, dramatic changes have been implemented in aviation security standards. Along with the changes in public regulation, there was an entity that newly emerged in the eyes of public – the aviation security service providers (ASPs). This article elaborates on the responsibility and liability of ASPs and suggests several options for ASPs to protect the business itself from unlimited third-party liability in case of an act of terrorism. Then it inquires into the responsibility of States in this regard.