This study examined consumer ethnocentrism in Chinese societies and further to reveal whether more ethnocentric consumers would have higher preferences of domestic products. Multi-item CETSCALE was applied in the study. Consumer surveys were administered in Taipei, Taiwan and in Shanghai, China, using stratified sampling method following the age and gender distributions of the populations between the ages of 15 and 64 in Taipei and in Shanghai. The differences in consumer ethnocentrism from respondents in Shanghai and in Taipei are that Shanghai respondents are more ethnocentric than Taipei respondents. Furthermore, ethnocentric consumers in Shanghai believe domestic brands of mobile phones are the best choices, while ethnocentric consumers in Taipei think domestic brands of mobile phones are the second best. Ethnocentrism has a strong influence on preferences of domestic brands. Ethnocentric consumers in both cities were relatively older, with lower educational levels, and had been travelling abroad fewer times in the past 3 years. Results of this study indicated that different patterns of consumer ethnocentrism existed in sub-cultural Chinese societies.

software piracy, willingness to pay, intellectual property rights, perceived risk,

No abstract

It has been demonstrated that HSE can protect the mouse liver from AAP-induced injury and that the protective mechanism might involve decreasing oxidative stress and reducing cell death.

The market for charitable donations has its own functional systems. Well-known charities prevail by seeking donations and the competition can be intense. In this study we examine the factors affecting consumers' concerns about charitable donations and willingness to continue to support charities. Based on the results of this study, television and newspapers/magazines are major sources whence consumers gather charity information. The reputations of charities and the types of recipients are critical in gaining donors' trust to continue to support the organizations. How well the charities are managed financially is less of a concern. Donation intentions can be increased if more relevant information is available to potential donors.