Initially described in 1953, the concept of self-neglect is complex. Definitional problems exist because it can be redefined by changes in context. This article examines the epidemiology, etiology, detection, ethical/legal issues, management/intervention, and outcome. Prevention is particularly difficult given the nature of the problem, the poorly understood etiology, and the slow insidious progression of the syndrome before it reaches public attention. This complexity is compounded by the fact that respect for autonomy and personal rights is given paramount importance over paternalism when an intervention at an earlier stage could potentially result in a better outcome.

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