Background Treatments for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) are still being established. Methods: An audit of patients referred for treatment of anal disease by CO2 laser at a Perth SHS was performed. Patient demographics including sex, sexual preference, age, and HIV status were documented. Anal cytology, histopathology, and HPV testing before and after treatment were reviewed in this preliminary analysis. Initial diagnosis of anal disease including AIN was made by high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) and by histological examination. Patients were then referred for treatment. Six-monthly HRA review occurred after treatment and the original site of HGAIN was biopsied. Results: Preliminary analysis of 28 patients included 16 patients with AIN 2 and 12 with AIN 3. After laser treatment, 7 patients had no AIN, 3 had AIN 1, 10 had AIN 2 and 4 had AIN 3, indicating successful reduction in AIN status (Pearson χ2 = 15.2, P = 0.002). The incidence of AIN decreased over the 18 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Studies of CO2 laser ablation of the anal canal are ongoing and need further study. Table 1. High-resolution anoscopy follow up Rx, treatment

Performance management frameworks in public educational institutions have not dealt with some of the challenges in creating an environment that reflects organizational commitment, sustainability, productivity, and retention among academic staff. The purpose of this article was to explore the experiences of people of color regarding the challenges they face involving the use of spiritual intelligence in the workplace. Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory served as the foundation for this article. The key research question focused on the perceptions of people of color working in nonprofit educational institutions regarding the role that spiritual intelligence played in their workplaces and career successes. Targeted research included face-to-face interviews with 10 participants older than 18 years old. Two findings revealed spiritual intelligence was viewed as an indirect tool used for career success and there are opportunities for human resources to promote spiritual intelligence to create a sustainable work environment to increase performance. I concluded that the results are useful for human resource management to implement programs for their employees to understand and apply their spiritual intelligence in the workplace environment. Keywords: People of Color, Organizational Culture, Spiritual Intelligence, Organizational Commitment, Human Resource Development

The purpose of this content analysis was to show the impact COVID-19 had on K-12 instructional method delivery, technology, learning, and academic achievement. The following questions guided the content analysis: How did COVID-19 impact student and academic achievement, how did the pandemic impact education and instruction method delivery in a virtual learning environment, and how did the pandemic affect teacher & student access to technology? The population consisted of K-12 educational leaders and students who completed surveys in previous studies. The findings via content analysis revealed that online education seems to be deeply rooted in the careful planning of instruction. We found that leaders were having a difficult time making the necessary adjustments with remote learning. Thus, the impact of COVID-19 has changed the way many students come to class. There is a need for K-12 institutions to strengthen their best practices relating to online curriculum and instruction demonstrated during in-person learning. Key Words: Student learning K-12, academic & instructional effectiveness, technology effectiveness, COVID-19, underserved communities