Three-dimensional technology was useful in delineating the shape of the synovium. It may have a possible impact on future imaging in rheumatology.

We annually evaluated (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scans for three consecutive years in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. The inflammatory activity of the rheumatoid synovium was visualized in coronal and transverse sections by FDG-PET/CT. The extent and area of the synovial inflammation was relatively well delineated, and this technique was more informative in detecting inflammation than were conventional X-rays.

Recent technical advances in computed tomography (CT) and the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction through computer systems make distinct visualization of tiny defects in the hand and wrist a feasible task. Three wrists from three patients -- two of whom are patients with rheumatoid arthritis and one with osteoarthritis -- were evaluated by 3D CT. Images were obtained with a multidetector-row CT scanner. Bony wrist structures including erosions were observed in the patients with arthritis by means of 3D CT. 3D CT could clearly visualize bone-erosive lesions. It also revealed various interesting stereoscopic views of bony structures unattainable with conventional radiographic studies. 3D CT may serve to be interesting in future imaging studies in the rheumatology field.