The attitude to illness and therapy of 28 involuntary and 31 voluntary patients admitted to a state psychiatric hospital was investigated by means of a questionnaire at the time of admission and prior to discharge. Involuntary patients have less illness consciousness, and only 17.9% of them but 67.7% of the voluntary patients show insight into their illness; they favour a medical-somatic model of illness and express less positive therapy expectations. Their whole attitude proves to be dysfunctional concerning compliance with medical treatment. Attitudes of involuntary patients changed during the hospital stay and became similar to those of voluntary patients, which hardly changed. This attitudinal change extended to illness consciousness, insight into illness and therapy expectations, whereas models of illness were found to be very stable. One third of the involuntary patients stayed in hospital voluntarily for further treatment. It is discussed that patients attitudes to illness and therapy should be taken more often into consideration and integrated into the planning of therapy.
Anxiety patients give a generally positive assessment of their therapy outcome, which is most determined by symptom-related treatment success. The differentiation of "clinical" and "statistical significance" of success is of importance for the patient's subjective view of the therapy outcome.
Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Trainingsprogramme zur Emotionsregulation für Jugendliche sind notwendig, da eine Dysregulation der Emotionen die Entwicklung von psychischen Störungen begünstigen kann. Fragestellung: Ziel dieser systematischen Literaturübersicht ist es, einen Überblick über aktuelle Publikationen zu Trainingsprogrammen von 2015 – 2020 zu geben. Methode: Im Rahmen der Literaturrecherche konnten sechs Publikationen eingeschlossen werden. Ergebnisse: Es zeigten sich positive Effekte bei der Programmdurchführung durch externe Personen, vor allem durch Fachpersonen und keine bis negative Effekte bei der Durchführung durch das Schulpersonal. Ein positiver Einfluss durch die Einbeziehung der Eltern konnte in einem Trainingsprogramm vermutet werden, wobei die Ergebnisse statistisch nicht signifikant waren. Schlussfolgerung: Es zeigt sich die Notwendigkeit weiterer Evaluation von Trainingsprogrammen, welche sich vor allem auch mit dem Einbezug der Bezugspersonen beschäftigen und untersuchen, inwiefern Trainer_inneneffekte auch bei Studien mit einer besseren Vergleichbarkeit vorliegen.
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