Background: Aim of the pilot study was the histologic classification of the inflamed peri-implant soft tissue around ceramic implants (CI) in comparison with titanium implants (TI). Methods: Peri-implant tissue were retrieved from 15 patients (aged 34 to 88 years, seven males/eight females) with severe peri-implantitis (eight CI, seven TI). The peri-implant soft tissue samples were retrieved from the sites during scheduled removal of the implant and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. Monoclonal antibodies (targeting CD3, CD20, CD138, and CD68) were used to identify T-and B-cells, plasma cells and macrophages. Quantitative assessment was performed by one histologically trained investigator. Linear mixed regression models were used. Results: A similar numerical distribution of the cell population was found in peri-implantitis around CI compared with TI. CD3 (TI, 17% to 85% versus CI, 20% to 70% of total cell number) and CD138 (TI, 1% to 73% versus CI, 12% to 69% of total cell number) were predominantly expressed. Notably, patient-individual differences of numerical cell distribution were detected. Co-localization of Band T-lymphocytes was observed. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Insofar as schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome involving the brain, neuropathology is a promising, if not essential investigative approach. Although traditional neuropathology has yet to yield a pathognomonic lesion in schizophrenia, there have been no shortages of findings. Unfortunately, many of these findings have not only failed to be pathognomonic, but they have not been consistently replicated. Fortunately, newer neuropathological techniques, such as post-mortem neurochemistry, have resulted in findings among the most reproducible in schizophrenia research. Although one of these, increased dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia of schizophrenic patients, has been replicated many times, it suffers from doubts as to its clinical relevance. Are these increases in dopamine receptors primary to the illness or a side effect of the treatment? This article discusses the relevance of this finding, reviews other highlights of postmortem neurochemistry and traditional neuropathology, and discusses new horizons such as autoradiography, immunocytochemistry, and neuronal morphometrics.

The oxygen budget of the river Zschopau, ii flowing water tppical of hilly areas in the south of the GDR, was investigated in regard of seasonal variations in the act,ivity of submerged macrophytes. Oxygen concentrations were continuously measured in the river by means of electrodes. Seasonal activity patterns of RanuneuZuapeniciEZntus, the dominitiit. macrophyte iu t,he rirer stretch investigated, were found by laboratory experiments.The oxygen budget was obtained by mensuring C 0 2 concentrations by infrared gas analysis (IRGA) and CO, and O2 concentrations by means of electrodes. 44*

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