Electrochemotherapy is a combination of high electric field and anticancer drugs. The treatment basis is electroporation or electropermeabilization of the cell membrane. Electroporation is a threshold phenomenon and, for efficient treatment, an adequate local distribution of electric field within the treated tissue is important. When this local electric field is not enough, there is a regrown tumor cell; however, if it is stronger than necessary, permanent damage to the tissue occurs. In the treatment of dogs, electrochemotherapy is not yet an established treatment for mast cell tumor in veterinary medicine, although there are studies showing evidence of its effectiveness. In this study, we examined electrochemotherapy of dog mast cell tumor with numerical simulation of local electric field distribution. The experimental result was used to validate the numerical models. The effect of tumor position and tissue thickness (tumor in different parts of dog body) was investigated using plate electrodes. Our results demonstrated that the electrochemotherapy is efficient and flexible, and even when the tumor extends into the subcutis, the treatment with plate electrode eliminated the tumor cells. This result suggests that electrochemotherapy is a suitable method to treat mast cell tumors in dog.

Porous Hugoniots as formuated by Hermann’s constitutive approach are expected to be accurate at shock pressures only below 1 Mbar because his equation of state does not include elastic and electronic contributions to the total pressure and because he assumes a density variation of the Grüneisen parameter which is suitable only at low pressures. In contrast, the method presented here is valid only above about 1 Mbar. We first interpret porous aluminum data in a new way, finding shock pressure U analytically related to particle velocity u through the distention parameter m, where m=V00/V0 and V0 is standard unshocked specific volume. That is, we develop an equation U=U (u,m) which fits available shock data with excellent statistical correlation coefficients. In the U (u) plane each distinct value of m defines a straight line which is one of a family of aluminum lines. Turning to quartz data, we hypothesize that, as far as high-pressure shocks are concerned either macroscopically porous sandstone or structural polymorphs of quartz may be considered as porous forms of stishovite; stishovite is assigned a distension of unity. In accord with that hypothesis, we find the family of quartz curves derivable from the family of aluminum curves by a rotational variation in the U (u) plane. On the basis of that successful rotational correlation between the aluminum and quartz families, we predict high-pressure (above 1 Mbar) porous Hugoniots of diabase, an astrogeologically interesting material which is compositionally about one-half quartz and is in density comparable to aluminum.