The purpose of this article was to find a solution to the problem of reducing the number of the electric multiple unit (EMU) trains traction drive unscheduled repairs due to the breakage of the M24 bolts of the rubber-cord coupling. For these purposes, it is proposed to develop a device that allows accumulating and transmitting data of the impact forces perceived by the bolts of th e rubber-cord coupling and whereby reduce the number of unplanned repairs, as well as the associated rolling stock maintenance financial costs for the JSC «Pasažieru vilciens» railway undertaking. The article presents the initial concept of the design development for a device based on the piezoelectric effect, which will make possible to determine the impact force acting on the M24 bolts of the rubber-cord coupling. The data on the minimum breaking force P were taken based on the results of determining the shear stress [τ] -on the shear acting on the M-24 bolts of the rubber-cord coupling fastening. Using the electronic modules included in the designed device, it is planned to provide storage and transmission of information with the further possibilit y of its processing by a developed PC software or mobile application. However, such devices have a significant drawback -a high development price. For this reason, in order to obtain economic viability, the challenge is creating a device, which cost is limited to 50 Euros. Putting this device into operation would reduce the number of unscheduled repairs therefore reducing the costs experienced by the JSC «Pasažieru vilciens».
Heating systems in diesel multiple unit (DMU) trains often use additional mechanical and/or electrical auxiliary power, increasing fuel consumption, while waste heat is available from the diesel engine. Delivery of waste heat for heating of multiple carriages is analysed as realized in DR1 and D1 series trains, in light of the current standards of passenger comfort and in-depth testing of DR1B trains. A new hybrid hot air and electrical heating system and its control algorithm is reviewed for modernized DR1AC trains of Latvian railways, capable of extracting waste heat from three different sources and supplemented by two additional sources in case of shortage, for full conformance to EN 14750-1 standard. Results of factory testing are included.
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