Knowledge on the occurrence of multimorbidity is important from the viewpoint of public policies, as this condition increases the consumption of medicines as well as the utilization and expenses of health services, affecting life quality of the population. The objective of this study was to estimate prevalence of self-reported multimorbidity in Brazilian adults (≥18 years old) according to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. A descriptive study is presented herein, based on data from the National Health Survey, which was a household-based survey carried out in Brazil in 2013. Data on 60,202 adult participants over the age of 18 were included. Prevalences and its respective confidence intervals (95%) were estimated according to sex, age, education level, marital status, self-reported skin color, area of residence, occupation and federative units (states). Poisson regression models univariate and multivariate were used to evaluate the association between socioeconomic and demographic variables with multimorbidity. To observe the combinations of chronic conditions the most common groups in pairs, trios, quartets and quintets of chronic diseases were observed. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 23.6% and was higher among women, in individuals over 60 years of age, people with low educational levels, people living with partner, in urban areas and among unemployed persons. The states of the South and Southeast regions presented higher prevalence. The most common groups of chronic diseases were metabolic and musculoskeletal diseases. The results demonstrated high prevalence of multimorbidity in Brazil. The study also revealed that a considerable share of the economically active population presented two or more chronic diseases. Data of this research indicated that socioeconomic and demographic aspects must be considered during the planning of health services and development of prevention and treatment strategies for chronic diseases, and consequently, multimorbidity.
Multimorbidity patterns of a population can be influenced by socioeconomic and lifestyle-related factors. Some of these factors are preventable when healthy habits are promoted to the population. This study analyzed the main grouping patterns of chronic diseases and the relationship with socioeconomic and lifestyle-related factors of the Brazilian population (over the age of 18), based on a population-based survey (2013 National Health Survey). A total of 60,202 participants were included. Cluster analysis was carried out to identify the combinations of chronic diseases. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to verify the relationship between disease clusters and independent variables, utilizing Poisson's regression with robust variance, considering a 95% confidence interval. Cluster analysis revealed four disease clusters:cardiometabolic diseases/cancer, mental/occupational diseases, musculoskeletal diseases and respiratory diseases, all significantly associated with the female gender, current/past smoking habits and overweight/obesity in multivariate analyses. These aspects must be considered when planning health services and developing strategies and guidelines for the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic conditions.
Introdução: As interações medicamentosas são uma das principais causas de reações adversas a medicamentos. O envelhecimento da população associado ao desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas são fatores que favorecem o uso de medicamentos. Objetivos: Identificar a ocorrência de interações medicamentosas e seus fatores associados em usuários de unidades básicas de Saúde da família do Sistema Único de Saúde do município de Campina Grande-PB, especialmente suas relações com aqueles portadores de multimorbidade. Material e métodos: Estudo transversal, observacional, realizado no período de novembro de 2019 a março de 2020. Um questionário validado foi aplicado em pacientes com idade de 18 anos ou mais acerca condições socioeconômicas e de saúde, além de coletar dados sobre prescrições medicamentosas, após autorização em termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. O estudo foi submetido a avaliação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisas pela Plataforma Brasil, aprovado sob o número 3.655.308 e fez parte do programa PIBIC/CNPq-UFCG. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, bivariadas, correlações e regressão logística para estimar as prevalências de interações medicamentosas e fatores associados. Resultados: Um total de 131 pacientes foram entrevistados. Destes, 70,23% apresentava multimorbidade e 48,1% fazia uso de polifarmácia. Apenas em 55,0% dos pacientes entrevistados houve questionamento sobre possíveis medicações em uso e 15,3% sobre ter alguma reação alérgica a medicamentos. 55,7% dos indivíduos apresentaram prescrições com potencial de algum tipo de interação medicamentosa. Indivíduos com multimorbidade apresentaram 3,29 (IC 1,29-8,38) chances de ter interações medicamentosas em relação aos que não tem multimorbidade. Aqueles que faziam uso de polifarmácia apresentaram 11,1 chances (IC 4,62-26,62) de ter interações medicamentosas em relação aos que não fazem uso de polifarmácia. Conclusão: A presença multimorbidade associada ao uso de polifarmácia aumentam as chances de interações medicamentosas. Questões essenciais na anamnese acerca de uso de medicação contínua e alergias que poderiam prevenir interações têm sido pouco utilizadas. Considerando a elevada prevalência de pacientes com multimorbidade e que fazem uso de polifarmácia, é essencial que o tratamento seja cuidadosamente monitorado pelas equipes de saúde envolvidas, buscando-se evitar potenciais interações medicamentosas.
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