This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the mental component summary (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) of SF-12. 140 Iranian elderly aged 60 years and older from the general population (100 male vs 40 female) of the Shiraz city were recruited by convenient sampling. The questionnaire on quality of life (SF-12, two dimensions: the physical component α = 0.68; and the mental component α = 0.71) was used to collect the data analyzed with the AMOS software. According to the structural equation model (SEM), four subscales of SF-12 (emotional role, social function, vitality and mental health) can predict mental component summary (respectively: coefficient = 0.65, 0.57, 0.78 and 0.90) and four subscales of SF-12 (general health, physical function, bodily pain and physical role) can predict physical component summary (respectively: coefficient = 0.58, 0.70, 0.74 and 0.88). The goodness-of-fit indices showed that the model for predicting mental and physical components in the elderly was excellent (X2 / df = 1.61, RMSEA= 0.07, CFI = 0.96 and NFI=0.92).

The aim of our study consisted in testing the importance of psychological support and mental training for Tunisian injured athletes on the enhancement of their emotional and behavioral reactions to anxiety to be reinjured. A total of N= 48 Tunisian male and female athletes, most of them professional sports players and having knee, shoulder or ankle injuries were recruited for the purpose of our study. The sample was divided into 2 groups: An experimental group of 44 injured athletes were subjected to psychological support and mental training-relaxation program 5 weeks long, and a control group of 44 injured athletes without psychological and mental training. To assess the overall impact of emotional states of the injured athletes we used the Profile of Mood

The aim of our research consisted in checking the influence of the mental coaching using the mental imagery and relaxation based on cardiac coherence, on the improvement of the cognitive, emotional and behavioural reactions of the Tunisian karate Elite at school age. Our study was about to check if the Tunisian karate Elite at school age who had undergone a mental coaching has a better mental profile than their counterparts of other sporting disciplines and karate players with usual training method. Our sample consisted on an experimental group (N = 24 athletes) and control group (N = 22 athletes), all aged from 16 to 19 years. The experimental group followed for 10 months a psychological and mental coaching. The control group continued to train normally for the same period of time. To assess the mental skills of the participants, we used the OMSAT-3 (Guelmami et al., 2014). Our study showed that a 10 month mental coaching was needed to improve 4 mental skills, i.e. "goal setting" "relaxation", "imagery" and "mental practices". Our findings sustained the importance of a three-dimensional mental coaching in relation to one basic skill (goal setting), a psychosomatic skill (relaxation) and two cognitive skills (imagery and mental practice).

The use of structural equation models (SEM) in scientific research perform a promising methodological and empirical direction to validate the measurement of psychological constructs. The aim of this paper is to validate the measurement of mental toughness of athletes and non-athletes with SEM. The sample consisted of 853 Tunisian participants (444 males and 409 females; 409 athletes and 444 non-athletes), aged 14 to 27 years (M=20.38 SD=4.12). The sample completed the Arabic translated questionnaire of Clough, Earle [1] which measures six components of their mental toughness. The SEM approved a good model fit (χ²=1146.33; df =1065; CFI=.93; SRMR=.063; RMSEA=.009) which allows for a valid Arabic-speaking measure of the six components of mental toughness.

Dans un contexte de confinement, jusqu’à quel point est-il possible d’enseigner en mode synchrone des apprentissages physiques, moteurs ou affectifs ? Une question fermée, dont les réponses étaient encodées sur une échelle de Lickert en quatre points a permis de mesurer la perception des acteurs sociaux engagés dans les développements physiques, moteurs et affectifs des participants. L’échantillon était composé de 102 acteurs sociaux sportifs, originaires du Maroc ou de l’Algérie âgés entre 9 et 64 ans. Les acteurs étaient des formateurs, des administrateurs, des pratiquants ou des parents. La question a fait l’objet d’une analyse de variance selon trois variables nominales (genre, statut, pays) et d’une corrélation de Pearson entre l’âge des acteurs sociaux et les trois types de développement souhaités. Il apparait que les développement physiques et affectifs sont perçus significativement plus difficile à évaluer par les acteurs sociaux marocains que par leurs homologues algériens. L’effet du genre n’est significatif que pour l’évaluation du développement affectif en faveur du genre féminin. Par contre, l’effet du statut de l’acteur social n’est significatif ni pour le développement physique, ni pour le développement moteur ni pour le développement affectif. Enfin, les ‘jeunes’ acteurs sociaux perçoivent moins difficile d’enseigner en mode synchrone les APS, mais la corrélation est plutôt faible (R= - 0,22*). Quelques hypothèses d’action sont envisagées pour faire face aux défis didactiques que posent ce type particulier d’enseignement en situation de confinement.