High sodium intake is an important factor associated with hypertension. High-sodium intake with exercise training can modify homeostatic hydro-electrolytic balance, but the effects of this association are mostly unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of swimming training (ST) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Na + concentration, sympathetic drive, blood pressure (BP) and renal function of rats fed a 0.9% Na + (equivalent to 2% NaCl) diet with free access to water for 22 weeks after weaning. Male Wistar rats were assigned to two cohorts: (1) fed standard diet (SD) and (2) fed high-sodium (HS) diet. Each cohort was further divided into trained and sedentary groups. ST normalised BP levels of HS rats as well as the higher sympathetically related pressor activity assessed by pharmacological blockade of ganglionic transmission (hexamethonium). ST preserved the renal function and attenuated the glomerular shrinkage elicited by HS. No change in blood volume was found among the groups. CSF [Na + ] levels were higher in sedentary HS rats but were reduced by ST. Our findings showed that ST effectively normalised BP of HS rats, independent of its effects on hydro-electrolytic balance, which might involve neurogenic mechanisms regulated by Na + levels in the CSF as well as renal protection.

Analisa a prática pedagógica do docente de Educação Física considerado bom professor na perspectiva dos alunos do ensino médio. A partir de uma investigação de campo descritiva e de cunho qualitativo com um grupo amostral composto por professores considerados bons pelos seus alunos, percebeu-se um padrão tradicional nas aulas quanto à abordagem pedagógica adotada, bem como a hegemonia do conteúdo esporte. No entanto, esses professores buscam articular a Educação Física às demais disciplinas em trabalhos interdisciplinares e, ainda, lançam mão da proximidade com seus alunos para discutir temas relacionados a comportamento, valores éticos e conduta tanto na escola como fora dela. Em suma, o conceito valorativo de bom professor decorre de fatores percebidos na prática pedagógica do professor ao longo de sua trajetória profissional

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of swimming training (T) on the renal system and body composition parameters in young animals treated with a high sucrose diet (SUD) during 12 weeks. Results The SUD impaired the physical performance, increased the body adiposity index (BAI), Lee index (LI) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RAT) weight, plasma creatinine and number renal cells nuclei, decreased urinary volume and urinary creatinine excretion besides creatinine clearance. The T reversed the increased the BAI, LI, RAT weight, plasma and urinary creatinine, creatinine clearance and number renal cells nuclei in addition to promoting decrease in urinary protein excretion. This study found that eight weeks of swimming physical training protected renal function and restored normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values. Swimming training also contributed to prevention of the onset of a renal inflammatory process and caused a decrease in the risk of development of obesity promoted by SUD decreasing the body composition parameters (BAI, LI, and RAT weight).

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