Introduction: Chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and its treatment cause restrictions and damages to the physical, mental, functional and social health of the affected users. The attention developed by Occupational Therapy with this population from the perspective of integral care during the period of hospitalization contributes to improve the setting, qualification of hospitalization time, functional recovery and emotional support. Objective: To identify and analyze the contributions of Occupational Therapy in health care of users with CRI in hospital context. Method: Qualitative study of descriptive type that used documentary analysis of the occupational therapy reports referring to the appointments made by this professional from April 2015 to April 2018. Results: 42 occupational therapy reports were analyzed, the majority of users were male, aged 60 or over and with some degree of functional dependence. The interventions of the Occupational Therapy were categorized in four main themes: initial contact and reception of the needs; support for resignification of the health-disease process; assistance to adapt to the new health condition and preparation for hospital discharge and the new routine of care. Conclusion: The Occupational Therapy allowed that aspects of patients' life altered by the CRI, hospitalization and changes in lifestyle due to the disease, were approached through different therapeutic techniques aimed at the reception of needs, stimulation of functional capacity, promotion of independence, (re) organization of daily life and insertion into the service network.