Além da terapia medicamentosa, muitos pacientes utilizam plantas medicinais para o tratamento da hipertensão e do diabetes, muitas vezes sem o conhecimento sobre a eficácia e a segurança delas. Esta pesquisa investigou a prevalência dessa prática por diabéticos e hipertensos e analisou sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal com 300 pacientes atendidos pela Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Ouro Branco, em Umuarama-PR, que responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e sobre o uso de plantas medicinais. A maioria dos participantes eram mulheres, com baixa escolarização e renda mensal. Em relação ao uso dessas plantas, foram citadas 27 espécies, mas apenas 7,7% dos respondentes as utilizavam de maneira preconizada. Concluiu-se que pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos recorrem a plantas medicinais sem o conhecimento da forma correta de preparo e da potencialidade dessas espécies em causar efeitos adversos.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an epidemic that affects millions of people worldwide. Because of its high morbidity and mortality, animal models of diabetes are indispensable to achieve a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and discover new treatments. The classic used model to induce type 1 DM involves streptozotocin (STZ) administration and it is well known that the association of streptozotocin with a high fat diet also induces type 2 DM. However, these studies are performed in rats between 60-90 days and should be performed in older animals because aging is a major risk factor for other diseases, that occur concomitantly with DM. Thus, this study evaluated diabetes in aged Wistar rats at 300 days. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg STZ. Three days after DM induction, the rats exhibited alterations in clinical signs and increases in the levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine. Microscopic changes were observed in the kidneys and liver. These findings indicate that this model is not feasible in rats at 300 days of age and should not be attempted by other research groups or should be performed by researchers who want to study the complications of diabetes.
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