War correspondents work within a networked media environment characterised not only by an explosion of information but also a wide range of actors producing competing narratives and viewpoints. This study examines the ways in which war correspondents enact their professional roles when tweeting from within a conflict zone. The analysis sheds light on the conditions of modern information warfare in the context of reporting from within the Ukraine conflict. It also identifies the emerging social media practices of war correspondents and the different role categories that journalists are adopting on Twitter.
The article analyses the discursive roles of two prominent themes of the habitual media climate change imagery: “the smokestack” and “renewable energy”. Through semiotic analysis of connotation and thematic content analysis of images in The Guardian, the article argues that the constant reliance on these two themes and the particular ways of representing them sustain a definition of climate change as a technological dualism. The article argues further that this dualism of “dirty” and “clean” technologies, as the predominant way of visualising direct causes of and responses to climate change, articulates ecological modernisation discourse and its central storyline of progressing from “defiling growth” toward “sustainable development” (Hajer, 1995). The article suggests (1) further research on conventional thematic imageries as a meaningful approach to studying policy discourses and (2) the relevance of applying concepts of policy research to understanding and challenging the political bearings of prominent visualisations.
Näkymätön ilmasto, näkyviä kuvia: Ilmastoriskin visualisointi ja kuvallinen kehystäminen Helsingin Sanomissa.Artikkeli pureutuu ilmastonmuutoksen visuaaliseen esittämiseen journalismissa. Lähestyn ilmastonmuutosta Ulrich Beckin riski-käsitteen näkökul-masta ja tutkin, millä kuva-aiheilla Helsingin Sanomat (HS) teki ilmastoriskin näkyväksi lukijoilleen vuosina 1990-2013. Toiseksi tarkastelen ilmastojuttujen pääkuvilla ja niiden tekstiyhteyksillä rakennettuja ilmastoriskin määritelmiä. Robert Entmanin kehysjäsennyksen pohjalta keskityn kuvien esittämiin ilmastonmuutoksen syihin, seurauksiin ja mahdollisiin ratkaisumalleihin. Aineistoni perusteella HS:n ilmastokuvasto heijastaa kansainvä-lisesti tuttuja visuaalisia teemoja. Ihmiset, erityisesti poliitikot mutta myös kansalaiset, aktivistit ja tutkijat hallitsevat kuvastoa. Muita yleisiä kuvaaiheita ovat eläimet, ympäristöteknologia, päästöt, äärimmäiset sääolosuh-teet sekä jäätiköt. Lämpenemisen seurauksia konkretisoivat kuvat kehystä-vät ilmastonmuutoksen useimmin vaaralliseksi katastrofiksi tai ympäristö-ongelmaksi. Sekä lämpenemisen syitä että ratkaisuja esittävät kuvat taas korostavat energiantuotannon roolia: lämpeneminen johtuu saastuttavasta energiantuotannosta, ja ratkaisuksi tarjoutuu erilaisia "puhtaita" vaihtoehtoja. Tulkitsen kuvaston vahvan teknologiapainotuksen uusintavan ympä-ristöpolitiikassa hallitsevaksi muodostunutta ekologisen modernisaation diskurssia.
One of the most significant and understudied changes in climate journalism in recent years, and the focus us this study, is the establishment of new niche sites. These sites, which are dedicated exclusively to covering climate-related issues, are now some of the most important sources of climate information. Drawing on interviews with site founders and editors, we explore the experiences and knowledge of these climate journalism innovators to glean their perspective on the state of climate coverage in general and changes to the field, including an emerging interplay between climate journalism and other actors in the broader information environment. Our conversations suggest that in response to changing circumstances—including heightened urgency due to the physical realities of the climate catastrophe and the hybridity of the media environment—journalists are reshaping how climate news is being produced as well as blurring institutional boundaries between journalism, science, and advocacy. In doing so, we argue, they are forging a path toward stronger public interest journalism.
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