Objectives: To evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of the HPV DNA test in conjunction with thin prep cytology test as a screening method of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. To study either the cervical erosion is related to high risk HPV infection or to determine the mean age distribution that is more prone to HPV infection. Material and Methods: The study is a retrospective cohort implemented to determine the real performance of liquid based medium and HPV DNA testing combined in second clinical hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China. The study group included total 150 patients from January 1, 2011 to December 30, 2012. A computerized search identified patients with thin prep test results and high risk HPV DNA testing during a 2-year period was recruited. The patients were chosen after proper speculum examination followed by thin prep cytology (TCT) and HPV DNA test. Cytologic specimens were obtained with endocervical brush, which was rinsed into the vial of Cytyc. The residual samples after the cytology report were taken for reflex HPV DNA test. The manufacture protocol was followed for HPV DNA testing using Hybrid Capture II. Colposcopic biopsy was performed for the diagnosis purpose, in patients who had atypical squamous cells of undeter-mined significance (AUS-US), low grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) or high-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in cytology and with positive results of highrisk HPV DNA. The diagnostic criteria were based on the Bethesda System (TBS). Findings: The high risk HPV positive women with abnormal cytology had a CIN I risk of 73 (86%), whereas 35 (23.3%) high-risk HPV positive women out of 109 (72.7%) normal cytology who underwent histological biopsy had CIN I 16 (10.7%). The risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women with high-risk HPV positive with normal cytology was higher among women invited for the first time 31 - 40 years of age 12 (8%) than among older women 1 (0.7%). Out of 44 (29.3%) women who had I degree erosion with 6 (14%) positive HPV DNA test 38 (86%) had a normal histology biopsy showing no statically significant between them. Conclusion: The data confirm that HR-HPV DNA testing is much more sensitive than cytology alone and that HPV DNA testing helps in identifying women with high risk of serious cervical disease in an efficient and medically acceptable manner. The other most significant advantage of this cervical cancer screening method is that women who are HPV DNA positive can easily and quickly referred for colposcopic examination (within one year), which could identify the precancerous and cancer stage. And those who are HPV DNA negative can safely have much longer screening intervals saving considerable costs. With mean age being 38 ± 10 years, age older than 30 years should undergo HPV DNA testing with cytology triage ...

Objectives: To evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of the HPV DNA test in conjunction with Thinprep cytology test as a screening method of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Method: In our retrospective study, 158 women with age group 21-70 years having positive thin cytology test were recruited. A computerized search identified patients with ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL in Thinprep test results and high risk HPV DNA testing and cervical biopsy results of these patients. Results: Out of 158 patients, HPV DNA tests were positive in 52 (32.9%) and negative in 106 (67.1%). High grade CIN and Carcinoma Cervix were commonly associated with ASCUS and HSIL as CIN I, II-III, III, Carcinoma Cervix, were 53.6%, 24.3%, 22.2% and 15% respectively for ASCUS (n=67); and 0%, 63.2%, 77.8%, 75% for HSIL (n=49). HPV DNA positive extremely favors CIN II-III, III and cervical cancer as Human Papilloma Virus DNA test were positive in 22 (78.6%) out of 28 cases of CIN I, 36 (97.5%) out of 37 cases of CIN II-III, 9 (100%) out of 9 cases of CINIII and 4 (100%) out of 4 cases of cervical cancer. There was significant correlation of TCT with HPV, age and CIN (P<0.0001). HPV DNA was common in increasing age group as compared to young age (21-30 years, n=39 [46.2%] vs. 61-70 years, n=4 [100%]). Conclusion:Combined thin cytology test along with HR HPV DNA test has great value in determining high grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical neoplasia. Keywords: Human papilloma virus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical squamous cells thin cytology test © 2013 Shrestha et al; licensee Herbert Publications Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). This permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. IntroductionThe concept of preinvasive disease of the cervix was introduced in 1947, when it was recognized that epithelial changes could be identified that had the appearance of invasive cancer but were confined to the epithelium [1]. Subsequent studies showed that these lesions, if left untreated could progress to cervical cancer [2]. Improvements in cytologic assessment led to the identification of early precursor lesions called dysplasia, a name that acknowledges the malignant potential of these lesions. The concept of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was introduced in 1968, when Richart suggested that dysplasias have the potential for progression [3]. The criteria for the diagnosis of intraepithelial neoplasia may vary according to the pathologist but the significant features are cellular immaturity, cellular disorganization, nuclear abnormality, and increased mitotic activity. The extent of the mitotic activity, immature cellular proliferation, and nuclear atypia identifies the degree of neoplasia. If the presence of mitoses and immature cells is limited to the lower third of the epithelium, the lesi...