The results extend previous research to further elucidate the mechanisms that help to translate oral hygiene intentions into behavior and make a significant contribution to the cumulative empirical evidence about self-regulatory components in health behavior change.

Published studies demonstrate that Indigenous people have a higher prevalence or incidence of TBI compared to non-Indigenous people. Limited studies explore culturally appropriate rehabilitation and intervention methods and Indigenous understandings of TBI. It is imperative that future research consider the nature and efficacy of culturally appropriate approaches and their contribution towards better outcomes for Indigenous people with TBI, and their families and communities.

The use of the NGT to gain the health care perspectives of adults with cognitive disability is promising. Conducting nominal group techniques informed by the methodological considerations identified within this review can work towards ensuring that the health care perspectives of people with cognitive disability are considered. Implications for rehabilitation The emergent policy move towards self-directed health care for people with disability requires that the health care perspectives of people with disability are considered. Effective consultation and discussion techniques are essential to gain the health care perspectives of people with cognitive disability. After undertaking methodological considerations, the NGT can be an effective approach towards gaining the health care perspectives of people with cognitive disability.

Objective To establish the point prevalence of cognitive impairment among a representative group of homeless people in Cairns. The sample included a large number of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. Method This research was conducted among an opportunistic sample of participants residing in a homeless shelter. An interview administered cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 60 participants over 12 weeks. The Kimberly Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA‐Cog) and a clinical diagnosis by a psychiatrist (using DSM‐V criteria) were used to establish cognitive impairment. The 36‐item version of the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Survey 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) was employed to ascertain limitations in daily living activities. Results Seventy‐five percent of participants were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. Thirty‐five percent of the sample had a cognitive impairment based on the KICA‐cog while over 70% of the sample had a cognitive impairment based on clinical criteria. Being screened for dementia or global cognitive impairment according to the KICA‐Cog was significantly correlated with having greater difficulty across the following WHODAS domains: understanding or communicating, self‐care, and life activities. Conclusions Many people who are homeless have a cognitive impairment and this impairment impacts their ability to participate in society. A shift in practice is necessary to support homeless populations with a high proportion of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. It is important that culturally appropriate methods—focusing on cognitive health—are employed to support Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people who are homeless.

Objective: Adolescence is presented as a vulnerable period for accidental injury, particularly spinal cord injury, given young people’s propensity for risky behaviours. School-based health promotion initiatives provide opportunities for education about the risks associated with dangerous behaviours. In this study, we aimed to describe young people’s safety beliefs before and after a school-based spinal cord health promotion and awareness presentation. The effect of selected demographic characteristics on safety beliefs was also examined. Design: A pre–post design was used to record group and time point differences on a range of specific safety beliefs before and after the presentation. Setting and method: The Spinal Education and Awareness Team (SEAT) from Spinal Life Australia conducted a health promotion and awareness presentation with 1,410 students aged 14–19 years across 13 secondary schools in Queensland, Australia. Presentations took place in regional, metropolitan and provincial city schools. A survey assessing basic demographic characteristics and specific risk behaviours was completed by students before and after the presentation. Results: T-tests and chi-square analyses were conducted to examine time point and group differences in relation to the SEAT presentation and to determine relative risks between subgroups of young people. A total of 705 pre-surveys (50%) and 735 post-surveys (52%) were analysed. Overall, reported beliefs were significantly safer post-presentation compared to pre-presentation (all t > 6.93, p < .001). Rural adolescent boys licensed to drive emerged as a particularly risky sub-group and were over three times (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34, 8.40) more likely than their metropolitan peers to hold less safe beliefs relating to spinal cord injury. Conclusion: Findings indicated that the health promotion and awareness presentation increased awareness of spinal cord injury risk behaviours overall and improved adolescent-related safety beliefs. Licensed adolescent boys from rural areas reported little change in awareness post-presentation, further highlighting the importance of targeted health promotion initiatives in rural areas. Extended research is required to further explore the belief–behaviour interaction in this at-risk population.