The objective of this study was to assess and compare the prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviors among young HIV-negative (n=8064) and HIV-positive (n=171) men who have sex with men (MSM) on predictors of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). Using venue-based time-space sampling, 8235 MSM aged 15-25 were anonymously surveyed as a part of the Community Intervention Trial for Youth (CITY). The Project was conducted in 13 communities across the USA from 1999 to 2002. Forty percent of HIV-positive men and 34% of HIV-negative men reported that they had UAI in the previous 3 months. HIV-positive MSM were more likely than their uninfected peers to have traded sex within the previous year, to have had sex while high during their last sexual encounter, and to have UAI with a greater number of partners. Multivariate analyses indicated that for HIV-negative men, positive peer norms regarding safer sex and being Black or Latino predicted avoidance of UAI. Among HIV-positive men, having social support for safer sex and positive peer norms predicted avoidance of UAI. Young HIV-positive MSM are a relevant subgroup for prevention because they constitute a significant source from which future infections could be generated.
Although research on the dissemination of evidence-based programs to community providers has rapidly grown, research describing implementation of evidence-based efforts remains a central need. Insight on implementation may aid in developing approaches to assisting organizations to use a variety of evidence-based practices effectively and to improve the design of programs that can and will be used faithfully. This mixed-method case study provides a descriptive account of the implementation of an evidence-based program designed principally for white gay and bisexual young men, the Mpowerment Project, in the 4th and 5th years after its initial adoption by an organization serving black gay and bisexual men. We identify factors that have shaped how the program has evolved and is currently operated. The case study results highlight how the dynamic interaction of practice-based experiences, skills, relationships, local context, and practitioner judgments about the relevance and credibility of evidence for specific actions propel the reinvention of evidence-based program procedures. Implications for research and practice are provided.
The authors examined lifetime prevalence of sexual assault, emotional abuse, and physical violence, in a statewide sample of 180 Black gay and bisexual males ages 14 to 24. Rates of exposure to each form of abuse was high; 33% reported sexual assault, 74% reported at least one type of physical violence, and 91% reported at least one type of emotional abuse. Co-occurring trauma was the dominant pattern. Sexual assault and number of types of trauma experienced were associated with inconsistent condom use. Physical violence and number of types of trauma experienced were associated with depression and substance abuse. Implications for intervention are discussed.
Spatial analysis can show whether services are located near specific populations of interest. Data from multiple sources can be integrated to explore relationships among characteristics of geographic zones.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.