Potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) is a tuber deformity associated with infection by the tuber necrotic strain of Potato virus Y (PVYNTN). PTNRD negatively impacts tuber quality and marketability, and poses a serious threat to seed and commercial potato production worldwide. PVYNTN symptoms differ in the cultivars Waneta and Pike: Waneta expresses severe PTNRD and foliar mosaic with vein and leaf necrosis, whereas Pike does not express PTNRD and mosaic is the only foliar symptom. To map loci that influence tuber and foliar symptoms, 236 F1 progeny of a cross between Waneta and Pike were inoculated with PVYNTN isolate NY090029 and genotyped using 12,808 potato SNPs. Foliar symptom type and severity were monitored for 10 wk, while tubers were evaluated for PTNRD expression at harvest and again after 60 d in storage. Pairwise correlation analyses indicate a strong association between PTNRD and vein necrosis (τ = 0.4195). QTL analyses revealed major-effect QTL on chromosomes 4 and 5 for mosaic, 4 for PTNRD, and 5 for foliar necrosis symptoms. Locating QTL associated with PVY-related symptoms provides a foundation for breeders to develop markers that can be used to eliminate potato clones with undesirable phenotypes, e.g., those likely to develop PTNRD or to be symptomless carriers of PVY.
Potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) is a tuber deformity associated with infection by the tuber necrotic strain of Potato virus Y (PVY NTN ). PTNRD negatively impacts tuber quality and marketability, and poses a serious threat to seed and commercial potato production worldwide. PVY NTN symptoms differ in the cultivars Waneta and Pike: Waneta expresses severe PTNRD and foliar mosaic with vein and leaf necrosis, whereas Pike does not express PTNRD and mosaic is the only foliar symptom. To map loci that influence tuber and foliar symptoms, 236 F 1 progeny of a cross between Waneta and Pike were inoculated with PVY NTN isolate NY090029 and genotyped using 12,808 potato SNPs. Foliar symptom type and severity were monitored for 10 wk, while tubers were evaluated for PTNRD expression at harvest and again after 60 d in storage. Pairwise correlation analyses indicate a strong association between PTNRD and vein necrosis (t = 0.4195). QTL analyses revealed major-effect QTL on chromosomes 4 and 5 for mosaic, 4 for PTNRD, and 5 for foliar necrosis symptoms. Locating QTL associated with PVY-related symptoms provides a foundation for breeders to develop markers that can be used to eliminate potato clones with undesirable phenotypes, e.g., those likely to develop PTNRD or to be symptomless carriers of PVY.
The rate of colonization by Colletotrichum coccodes was quantified on roots and stolons of the potato cultivar Russet Burbank. Greenhouse grown plants arising from seed-tubers infected with C. coccodes were observed. The distance that C. coccodes colonized potato roots was measured from the seed tuber to the distal edge of microsclerotial development along the roots starting at 21 days after plant emergence and continued at 14 day intervals until crop death. Visual assessment of disease progress was confirmed by isolation from diseased and non-diseased tissues onto nutrient agar. Expansion of C. coccodes foci along the roots in two independent trials resulted in a linear growth model of 1 mm/day (Trial 1 P<0.011, R 2 =0.84; Trial 2 P<0.007, R 2 =0.87). Colonization radiated from the seedtuber to form compact foci of infected tissue that was rotationally symmetrical; no secondary foci were observed. The results suggested that C. coccodes expanded linearly from an inoculum source and that for multiple disease foci to develop on a root system, multiple primary infections must occur from sclerotia in the soil.Resumen Se cuantificó el nivel de colonización por Colletotrichum coccodes en raíces y estolones del cultivar Russet Burbank de papa. Se observaron las plantas cultivadas en el invernadero que emergieron de la semilla tubérculo infectada con C. coccodes. Se midió la distancia en que C. coccodes colonizó a las raíces de papa desde el tubérculo semilla a la orilla distal del desarrollo del microesclerocio a lo largo de las raíces, empezando 21 días después de la emergencia de la planta y continuando a intervalos de 14 días hasta la muerte del cultivo. Se confirmó el análisis visual del progreso de la enfermedad mediante el aislamiento de los tejidos enfermos y sanos a agar nutritivo. La expansión del foci de C. coccodes a lo largo de la raíz en dos ensayos independientes dio como resultado un modelo de crecimiento lineal de 1 mm/día (ensayo 1, P<0.011, R 2 =0.84; Trial 2 P<0.007, R 2 =0.87). La colonización fue radial desde la semilla tubérculo para formar foci compactos de tejido infectado que fue rotacionalmente simétrico; no se observaron foci secundarios. Los resultados sugieren que C. coccodes se expandió linealmente desde una fuente de inoculo y que para que se desarrollen múltiples foci de la enfermedad en un sistema radical, se deben presentar infecciones múltiples primarias de los esclerocios en el suelo.
Dung, J. K. S., Ingram, J. T., Cummings, T. F., and Johnson, D. A. 2012. Impact of seed lot infection on the development of black dot and Verticillium wilt of potato in Washington. Plant Dis. 96:1179-1184.The fungi Colletotrichum coccodes and Verticillium dahliae are two pathogens of potato which are prevalent in potato field soils and seed tubers. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of seed lot infection by C. coccodes and V. dahliae on disease severity and yield using infested seed lots and fields with and without potato in their recent cropping histories. Greater incidence of C. coccodes in seed led to more root colonization in 2008 (both field types) but not in 2007 and did not influence tuber quantity or yield. Incidence of infection in seed lots by V; dahliae was not related to canopy necrosis.infection of progeny tubers, or yield. However, seed lots exhibited more V. dahliae aboveground vascular colonization, canopy necrosis, infested plant debris, and infected progeny tubers in 5-year potato rotation fields compared with long potato rotation fields. In general, foliar disease symptoms and yield reductions were not related to levels of either pathogen in seed lots. Symptoms of both diseases were more severe and yields were lower in fields with potato in their recent cropping histories, emphasizing the importance of soilborne inoculum in the development of black dot and Verticillium wilt of potato.
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