Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune debilitating disease involving multiple joints and organs. Many treatment options are available but all are associated with frequent side effects. Phytochemical screening of Torilis leptophylla has shown the presence of anti-inflammatory compounds like flavonoids, phenols and anthraquinones. This study was designed to evaluate its effect on joints inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis). Indomethacin is one of the oldest and most commonly used drugs for arthritis. It was used as a standard drug to compare with indomethacin. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Pharmacology Department, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Thirty six male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (group I-control, group II-positive control, group III-10 mg indomethacin, group IV,V,VI--100mg, 200mg, 300mg Torilis leptophylla extract (TLE) administered (orally) respectively). Arthritis was induced by sub plantar injection of 0.1 ml Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) to all groups except the control group. Body weight (weekly) and ankle joint diameter (every 4th day) were measured. At day 29 blood was collected and all animals were killed by overdose of ether. Acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase levels were determined by chemistry analyzer (RX MONZA, RANDOX, Republic of Ireland). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20. One way ANOVA and Post hoc -Tukey tests were applied. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Treatment with indomethacin caused significant (p≤0.001) reduction in all the inflammatory parameters. Torilis leptophylla extract also significantly (p≤0.05) reduced all the inflammatory parameters. Anti-inflammatory effect was comparable to indomethacin. Conclusion: Torilis leptophylla has significant anti-arthritic activity as it modified the parameters of joint inflammation and destruction.

Background: During treatment, many drugs may become cause of cardiac system toxicity, cytotoxic drugs therapy cause cardiac toxicity, including 5- Fluorouracil (5- FU). It is regarded as antimetabolite which cause its toxic effects during S phase of the cell cycle and got its activation by conversion of thymidine phosphorylase into fluorodeoxyuridylate (5 fluoro 2'deoxyuridine 5'monophosphate, 5-FdUMP) which cause inhibition of thymidylate synthase, which ultimately cause prevention of synthesis of DNA. Aim: To focus on evaluation of ethanolic artichoke extract (Cynara scolymus L) with respect to its cardio protective properties against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induced cardio-toxicity in rabbits by estimation of Alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes in serum. Methods: 4 groups consisting of 8 rabbits each were made for collected 32 rabbits who were albinos. Group I: (negative control) administered dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (2 ml/kg /day) orally on daily basis for duration of 10 days. Group II: (positive control) administered DMSO (2 ml/kg /day) daily via oral route for duration of 10 days and subsequently received dose of 5-FU (150 mg/kg) (single) by intraperitoneal injection, on day 8th day in connection with DMSO. Groups III: administered ethanolic artichoke extract (200 mg/kg/day) orally on daily basis for duration of 10 days. Groups IV: administered ethanolic artichoke extract (200 mg/kg/day) daily on oral basis for 10 days with subsequently single intraperitoneal dose of 5-FU (150 mg/kg) on day 8th day. Results: Before intoxication via 5-FU, treatment of ethanolic artichoke extract note worthily reduces the increase serum levels of AST,CK & ALT enzymes due to cardio toxicity induced via 5-FU- in case of rabbits . Conclusions: With respect to present scenario, extracts of ethanolic artichoke serve as powerful modulator in reducing or masking cardiac toxicity cause by induction of 5-FU in case of rabbits. Keywords: Artichoke Extract, Fluorouracil Induced Cardio toxicity, Ethanolic