The present research proposes to diversify the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with rotating wings for applications in the agricultural sector. For this we have analyzed and designed an unmanned aircraft. In first instance the applications of this type of aircraft in this sector were reviewed to determine possible design conditions that would aid in the sizing and design of the aircraft. Once the requirements had been determined, aerodynamic analysis was carried out to size up and launch the required power output for the craft. This in order to optimize the weight and autonomous fight time to finally design an aircraft prototype built in carbon fiber with the aid of fault theories as applied to composite materials. At the end of the research, an unmanned aircraft of 6 rotors, each with an installed power supply of 700W was designed. The aircraft has an autonomous flight time of 40 minutes without a payload, 20 minutes with a payload of 3Kg, and 8 minutes with a payload of 5Kg. The commercial application of these aircraft are the monitoring of land and fumigation in inaccessible areas.

In this research, a study of the determinants of risk and exposure on a particular matter was done in preparation for the areas of abrasive material. Qualification of chemical risks (inorganic powder) using the matrix triple irrigation was performed. In addition, the dust concentration in each position was evaluated using the rules NIOSH 0500 (total dust) and NIOSH 0600 (respirable dust) by statistical criteria NIOSH. Thus, their results are based on the gravimetric method. A sanitary survey to determine the relationship between the study variables with the powder was also performed. After examining the sampling points, 5 points was obtained with overexposure. As a result, a letter of commitment was made with corrective actions. It also re-monitors those exposed points overexposure resulting in a point (primary crusher). However, this works one to two times per month for 4 hours. As a result, no longer exposure would make production workers rotate jobs. Additional corrective actions, to further reduce exposure to dust extractor main advantage powders, were proposed. This, however, results in the generation of optimal environment for workers.

The present research analyzes the state of the art of remote laboratories and their use in teaching and industry. In addition, the aim of this study is to develop a test bench to control and maintain, in optimal conditions, the operating parameters of a hydraulic oil system through an open source virtual platform. This equipment will analyze the behavior of an external gear pump which will enable us to make comparisons of mathematical models to predict the flow rate and compare it with that obtained in real time through the test bench. The analysis starts with a theoretical revision that is used for defining the variables to be controlled in the test bench. It is also used to propose a methodology that allows reaching the objectives raised.

El incremento de tiempo en el proceso de secado de cacao y la problemática temporada invernal motivaron el desarrollo de una máquina secadora automática para cacao que cumpla con las características de secado, reduciendo la humedad del producto a un porcentaje adecuado en la Comunidad Mirador Lojano ubicada en la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. El desarrollo del proyecto tiene como alcance diseñar y construir una secadora automática para cacao a base de aire caliente tipo rotatorio para una capacidad de 500 kg; esto implicó la recopilación de información necesaria para realizar la metodología de diseño, el estudio de alternativas tecnológicas existentes en el mercado y seleccionar la más adecuada que cumpla con los requerimientos del usuario, parámetros de calidad y producción. Posteriormente se realizó el diseño mecánico y energético de los elementos que conforman la máquina. En conclusión, la máquina secadora automática para cacao logra un secado adecuado del 9 % de humedad en un período de 4 a 5 horas durante el proceso, mejorando así la eficiencia y producción.

The application of foundries has been extended in recent times due to the advancement in casting and cooling techniques. This leads to a better control of their mechanical properties by allowing them to replace steel in multiple applications. In this work, the results of an experimental study that seeks to obtain information on the combined effect of tension (1224 Kgf / cm2) and temperature (500, 550, 600 and 650 ° C) in the pearlitic gray cast iron was addressed. The methodology used is analytical, qualitative, quantitative, deductive, and experimental logic. The tests were carried out according to the ASTM E139 standard using flat specimens of reduced section sized according to ISO 6892: 1998 (E). From the specimens tested, specimens were extracted from the fractured area to perform metallographic and microhardness tests. The results showed that for the temperatures of 500, 550 and 600°C, no complete curves characteristic of the creep phenomenon were obtained, while at 650°C, the curve obtained was complete. Regarding the metallographic study, it did not present a considerable degradation at the different study temperatures despite reaching the fracture in all cases. From the study of the hardness, a similar behavior was obtained in the curves for all the specimens as measurements were made moving away from the fracture.Keywords: Grey cast iron, graphite, thermo-fluency, degradation, decarburization ResumenLa aplicación de fundiciones se ha extendido en los últimos tiempos debido al avance en las técnicas de colado y enfriamiento que han permitido