ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess patterns of mandibular fractures and associated comorbidities in Peshawar, Pakistan.MethodologyThis multicenter, descriptive, cross-sectional study analyzed patients aged >15 years who had been clinically or radiographically diagnosed with mandibular fractures from January to December, 2015. Patients with pathological fractures or bomb-blast injuries were excluded. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).ResultsThe 138 patients diagnosed with mandibular fractures in 2015 included 108 men (78.3%) and 30 women (21.7%), with a male preponderance of 3.6:1. Most patients (56%) were aged 15-25 years, followed by those aged 26-35 years (26%). The most frequent cause of fractures was road traffic accidents (RTAs; 59.42%), followed by falls (18.8%). RTAs were predominant in men (89%); whereas, falls were predominant in women (80%). Fractures due to firearm injuries and interpersonal violence were more frequent in men (p <0.001). In patients with unilateral fractures, the most common fracture site was the parasymphysis (24.6%) followed by the symphysis (10.1%). In patients with bilateral fractures, the most common fracture sites were the parasymphysis and condyle (11.6%), followed by the parasymphysis and angle (8.0%).ConclusionsRTA was the most frequent cause of mandibular fracture and trauma. Mandibular fractures were more common in men than women, with most patients aged 15-25 years. The most common fracture site was the parasymphysis.

SUMMARYThe aim of this paper is to determine the unique and very interesting case of odontogenic myxoma, which involved the right maxilla and its sinus. Odontogenic myxomas are considered to be a benign odontogenic tumor with locally aggressive behavior and non-metastasizing neoplasm of the jaw bones. It represents an uncommon benign neoplasm comprising 3–6% of all odontogenic tumors. It is usually derived from the dental mesenchyme or periodontal ligament. Despite the benign nature of myxoma, there is a high rate of local recurrence after curettage alone and thus in certain cases adequate resection is the only option.

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a benign odontogenic cystic lesion which arises from dental lamina lined by parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Odontogenic Keratocyst is (OKC) also termed as Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour (KCOT) (WHO 2005). Most frequently it involves posterior of the mandible than maxilla. OKC in the maxillary sinus is rarely reported. The treatment approaches vary in case to case manner. However regular follow up for minimum of five years is required.

OBJECTIVESThe objective of the study was to determine the clinical profile of oral lichen planus.METHODOLOGYThis retrospective cohort study was carried from January 2011 to December 2015 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar.A total of 36 with 14 male and 22 female patients having oral lichen planus from were selected. On defined and population-based sample the age selected was ≥ 20 years and divided into four categories i.e..,20-29 years,30-39 years,40-49 years and 50-59 years. The diagnostic criteria proposed by van der Meij et al 23 in 2003 based on the WHO definition of oral lichen planus were used to identify the cases of oral lichen planus.That entire patient’s with incomplete records and aged > 60 years were excluded. The data was analyzed through SPSS 22 at the significance level of p < 0.05 and Chi-square statistics was applied for site and gender association.RESULTSThe mean age presentation was 39.2 (SD± 15.49) years. The female to male ratio was 1:57:1. The dominant aged group was 30-39 years with n=16 (44.44%).The buccal mucosa was the most common site involved n=28(77.8%).Reticular type of oral lichen planus was the most common form and was present in n=22(61.1%) patients however, bilaterally involved mucosa was commonly seen. Chi-square statistics showed a significant association between bilateral involvement of oral mucosa in oral lichen planus with both male and female (x2= 5.833, p= 0.016).CONCLUSIONThe most common site involved in oral lichen planus was buccal mucosa, most common form was atrophic with female predominance and bilaterally involved oral mucosa was significantly associated with gender.

Background: The rate of type II diabetic patients is increasing and results in oral manifestations. The oral surgery needsextraordinary measures in these patients.Objective: To assess the effect of anesthetic agent with 1:100,000 epinephrine and without epinephrine in the blood glucose levelof diabetic patients.Material and Methods: This was a randomized study of 60 patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus who were undergoing toothextraction. The study was double blind. 30-70years aged patients were selected. Blood glucose level was monitored 15 minutesbefore giving local anesthesia and after 20 minutes of the injection. ANOVA was used for comparison between groups.Results: No significant difference was seen in glycemic level using local anesthesia with 1:100,000 epinephrine (p=0.345). Therewas slight decrease noted in the blood glucose level of both groups.Conclusion: The use of 2% local anesthesia with 1:100,000epinephrine didn't cause hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Local Anesthesia, Epinephrine, Tooth Extraction, Lidocaine.