Gout is arthritis caused due to Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposition occurring particularly in patients with associated comorbidities limiting the use of conventional therapies. This study was planned to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of urinile (a herbal drug) for the treatment of gouty arthritis. Allopurinol was used as standard drug (positive control). The study population of 250 volunteers (gouty arthritis patients) were divided into 2 groups as test and control group (n = 125 each). Gouty arthritis patients in test and control group were treated with 300 mg each of urinile and allopurinol, respectively. Clinical symptoms of all the study volunteers were recorded and serum uric acid was determined. Significant (p < 0.05) reduction in serum uric acid level toward normal was found in test group individuals. Clinical symptoms of gouty arthritis patients were also improved in test group compared to control group. Results showed that urinile has the potential to decrease serum uric acid level in gouty arthritis patients probably because of its antioxidant potential and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. It can be concluded that the tested herbal drug urinile is more potent in treating gouty arthritis patients and can be used as an effective alternative to the most commonly used allopathic drugs.

Tamarix gallica known as Jhau is traditionally used as expectorant, liver tonic, laxative, astringent, and antidiarrheal. The current study was proposed to determine the in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic properties of the methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of Tamarix gallica arial part, subsequently the phytochemical evaluation. Hence, Tamarix gallica arial part extracts were extracted with methanol (MthTg), ethanol (EthTg), and distilled water (AqTg). Extracts phytochemical analysis were accomplished to identify the phenolic components (TPC and TFC). Extracts antioxidant property was evaluated by DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. For antidiabetic property, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were assessed. One Way ANOVA was applied statistically by means of software SPSS Statistics 23 and attained data were definite as mean ± standard deviation. Result revealed that EthTg have the maximum TPC and TFC levels than MthTg and AqTg. Antioxidant property in relations of DPPH (lowest IC50 = 1.309 ± 0.31), FRAP (323.51 ± 2.32), and ABTS (266.97 ± 25.14) assay was also highest in EthTg. EthTg was also exposed highest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity with lower IC50 (1.116 ± 0.051; 0.402 ± 0.2, respectively). The extracts antioxidant and antidiabetic activities order was as EthTg > MthTg > AqTg. TFC and TPC also revealed directly proportional correlation with antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of the Tamarix gallica arial part extracts. Results noticeably stated that the ethanolic extract of Tamarix gallica have the highest antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Tamarix gallica has competency to reduce the oxidative stress and can be utilized in the management of diabetes.

Probiotics are living micro-organism preparations which can vigorously inhibit the probable pathogens colonization in the gut microbial ecology. Current experiment was designed to investigate the efficacy of imported probiotic species compared with the indigenous probiotics species on the oxidative stress, enzymes, and hormones in animal model. Thirty Albino rats were equally divided into three groups with 10 rats ( n = 10) in each group as Control (C), supplemented with imported probiotic species (IP), and supplemented with indigenous probiotics species (InP) for 21 days under controlled environment. The evaluation of treatments was done by testing the serum oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes (Aspartate transaminase and Alanine aminotransferase), lipid profile, and hormonal dynamics including Lutinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and growth hormone (GH) in albino male rats. Results revealed that use of indigenous probiotic species significantly ( p < 0.05) reduces the oxidative stress and improves the antioxidant capacity; liver enzymes, total cholesterol, and LDL-Cholesterol were also reduced significantly ( p < 0.05) in InP as compared to IP group. Moreover, results of hormones including LH, FSH, and GH explored that indigenous probiotics have significant ( p < 0.05) potential to improve these hormones as compared to imported probiotics. Although, it could be concluded that InP have beneficial role in preventing the body from oxidative stress as well as in improving the blood parameters but comprehensive studies are required to investigate the detail gut ecology of the indigenous species which will definitely a strong support in preparing a more suitable local probiotic supplement.