Video Compression is very essential to meet the technological demands such as low power, less memory and fast transfer rate for different range of devices and for various multimedia applications. Video compression is primarily achieved by Motion Estimation (ME) process in any video encoder which contributes to significant compression gain.Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) is used as distortion metric in ME process.In this paper, efficient Absolute Difference(AD)circuit is proposed which uses Brent Kung Adder(BKA) and a comparator based on modified 1's complement principle and conditional sum adder scheme. Results shows that proposed architecture reduces delay by 15% and number of slice LUTs by 42 % as compared to conventional architecture. Simulation and synthesis are done on Xilinx ISE 14.2 using Virtex 7 FPGA. KEYWORDSHEVC, motion estimation, sum of absolute difference, parallel prefix adders, Brent Kung Adder.

Utility Mining is the progression of identifying High Utility Itemsets (HUI’s) from enormous transaction data. Utility mining plays a decisive role in the inspection of the data or giving actionable information to help managers, sales executives, and other commercial end-users to generate versed business decisions. In the hypermarkets, the showcase period of every item in display will vary such as new products, seasonal products, and so on. Itemsets with time period are not retrieved by existing utility mining algorithms. Hence, On-Shelf Utility Mining algorithms were proposed to discover HUI’s and a general onshelf period of all items in temporal databases is considered. Research work aims to propose an algorithm called LOSUM (List On-Shelf Utility Mining) to retrieve on-shelf HUI’s from a temporal transaction database by reducing the data stores scan. The algorithm is enhanced by implementing a list structure to store utility information of every itemset. The candidate itemsets are generated from the list itself. This reduces the supplementary scan of a database. The LOSUM is compared with FOSHU using Chess, Accident, Kosarak, and Mushroom datasets. The experimental results illustrate that the LOSUM is efficient than the existing algorithm FOSHU (Fast On-Shelf High Utility itemset mining) algorithm

Motion Estimation(ME) operationinvolves predicting the frames and identifying motion vectors sothat redundancy can be exploited by eliminating the transfer ofsimilar information between successive frames.The most efficientand simple technique to estimate the motion vectors is Summation ofAbsolute Difference(SAD) where comparator forms one of an elemental component in SAD computation.This paper proposes two different comparator designs where propoundcircuit I is based on efficient look ahead comparator andpropound circuit II uses alteredone’s complement and conditional sum adder method. Results shows that propound circuit I reduces delay by 23%but with 16% increase in number of slice LUTs whereas the propoundcircuit II reduces delay by 11% and gives 33% reduction in number of slice LUTsas compared to traditional circuit. The propound hardwarecircuits are implemented on Virtex 7 FPGA and synthesized using Verilog as HDL language on Xilinx ISE 14.2.

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