Precise measurements on electrical conductances and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) of solutions of potassium thiocyanate (KCNS), ammonium thiocyanate (NH 4 CNS), sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ), and ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) in 2-methoxyethanol (ME) at temperatures 298.15 e T e 318.15 K have been reported. The conductance data have been analyzed by the 1978 Fuoss conductance-concentration equation. Thermodynamics of the ionic association processes have also been studied, and the Coulombic forces are found to play a major role in the association processes. The ionic contributions to the limiting equivalent conductances have been determined using the reference electrolyte method. Strong association was found for all of these electrolytes in this solvent medium. The cations are found to be substantially solvated in 2-methoxyethanol, whereas the anions appear to have weak interaction with the solvent molecules. The infrared spectra suggest the presence of "spectroscopically free" thiocyanate (CNS -) and nitrate (NO 3 -) ions in solution. For all of these electrolytes, the solvent-separated ion pairs predominate over the contact species. The observed processes have been interpreted by an Eigen multistep mechanism.

The electrical conductances and viscosities of the solutions of tetrabutylammonium thiocyanate (Bu4NCNS) in acetonitrile have been reported at 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C. The conductance data have been analyzed by the 1978 Fuoss conductance-concentration equation in terms of the limiting molar conductance (Λ0), the association constant (K Λ) and the association diameter (R). The viscosity data have been analyzed by the Jones–Dole equation for the associated electrolytes to evaluate the viscosity B-coefficients of the electrolyte. These data have also been analyzed by the transition-state treatment to obtain the contribution of the solutes to the free energy of activation for viscous flow of the solution. The ionic contributions to the limiting molar conductance (Λ0), the viscosity B-coefficient and the free energy of activation for viscous flow have been estimated using the “reference electrolyte” tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate (Bu4NBPh4). Slight ionic association was always found for this salt in this solvent medium. The tetrabutylammonium ion is found to be unsolvated whereas the thiocyanate ion undergoes solvation in acetonitrile in the temperature range investigated here.