This study shows an intermediate prevalence of PD among French first-year university students compared with those observed in university students in other countries. It suggests that PD is related to university-related stressors but failed to find a relation to socioeconomic factors. Risk and protective factors for PD in first-year university students differed somewhat according to gender. However, mastery appeared to have a protective role in both genders. Further research is necessary to confirm these results in other universities and years.

BackgroundHealth inequality and its social determinants are well-studied, but the determinants of inequality of alcohol consumption are less well-investigated.MethodsThe total differential approach of decomposition of changes in the concentration index of the probability of participation in alcohol consumption was applied to 8-year longitudinal data for Swedish women aged 28-76 in 1988/89.ResultsAlcohol consumption showed a pro-rich inequality, with income being a strong contributor. Overall participation remained fairly constant, but the inequality decreased over time as abstinence became less common among the poor and more common among the rich. This was mainly due to changes in the relative weights of certain population groups, such as a decrease in the proportional size of the oldest cohorts.ConclusionsInequality in participation in alcohol consumption is pro-rich in Sweden. This inequality has tended to decrease over time, due to changes in population composition rather than to policy intervention.