RESUMOEste estudo busca identificar a existência de um padrão no comércio intraindustrial (CII) do Brasil com países desenvolvidos e países em desenvolvimento. Para tal, utiliza-se o índice Grubel-Lloyd, a partir de dados de exportações e importações agregados ao nível de dois dígitos do Sistema Harmonizado, entre 1997 e 2013. O artigo não se limitou a uma análise bilateral, realizando esforços iniciais para estratificação de padrões do comércio de uma nação para com determinados contextos econômicos distintos. Indiferentemente da característica de comércio predominante no agregado entre duas nações, evidenciou-se que a existência de comércio intraindustrial pode se intensificar em determinadas indústrias, possivelmente a partir da participação em APCs. O estudo verificou possibilidade de CII em determinadas indústrias entre Brasil e as nações desenvolvidas, algo que sugere que o CII pode atuar como mecanismo para o progresso técnico. No entanto, observou-se a não existência de rigoroso padrão nos níveis de comércio intraindustrial entre Brasil e o grupo de países selecionados, considerando a amostra dos produtos analisados.Palavras-chave: Comércio intraindustrial. Índice Grubel-Lloyd. Países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. ABSTRACTThis study aims to identify an intra-industry trade (IIC) pattern in Brazil related to developing and developed countries. The analyses used the Grubel-Lloyd index, based on export and import data aggregated on two-digit Harmonized System (HS), between 1997 and 2013. The article was not limited to a bilateral analysis, performing initial efforts to the trade patterns of stratification for a nation with certain different economic contexts. The analysis has shown that intra-industry levels may intensify among some industries according to the countries engagement in PTAs. This study verified the possibility of IIC between Brazil and developed nations in some industries, suggesting that ICC can act as a mechanism for technical progress. However, it was observed the non-existence of a strict pattern in the levels of intra-industry trade between Brazil and both developed or developing countries, considering the sample of selected products.
This article aims to investigate the relationship between the term structure of interest rates and macroeconomic factors in selected countries of Latin America, such as Brazil, Chile and Mexico, between 2006 and 2014, on an autoregressive vector model. Specifically, we perform estimations of Nelson-Siegel, Diabold-Li and principal component analysis to test how the change of macroeconomic factors, e.g. inflation, production and unemployment levels affect the yield curves. For Brazil and Mexico, GDP and inflation variables are relevant to change the yield curves, with the former shifting more the level, and the latter with greater influence on the slope. For Chile, inflation had the greatest impact on the level and, specifically for Mexico, the unemployment variable also changed the slope of the yield curve.
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