Bioindicators of running freshwaters in Central African Republic : benthic macroinvertebrates and anthropogenic stress in the Nguitto Stream. This study of benthic macroinvertebrates in Central African Republic (CAR) aimed at determining the structure of their assemblages in relation to the physico-chemical quality of the Nguitto River. The data were collected monthly from May 2015 to April 2016, in five selected sampling points on the Nguitto River. The physico-chemical parameters were measured using standard methods while the benthic macrofauna was collected using a handnet sampler of 150 μm mesh size on a total area of about 6 m² per station. The physico-chemical analysis revealed a satisfactory water quality in the forest belt and an eutrophication in the urban area. A number of 2052 individuals of benthic macroinvertebrates belonging to 71 taxa were identified and counted. Arthropods was the most diversified (53 taxa) and the most abundant (80.75 %) taxonomic group, followed by molluscs (17 taxa ; 23.94 %) and annelids (1 taxon ; 0.24 %). The sampling points in the forest belt, which exhibit the lowest anthropogenic activity, were composed mostly of arthropods and dominated by insects. In the urban zone, the strong abundance of molluscs and the presence of annelids indicated an anthropogenic pressure and the usefulness of invertebrates as bioindicators of waste waters in this area.