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However, the overall association of the COVID-19 pandemic with hospital admissions for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in low-and middle-income countries is still unclear. We assessed the number of hospital admissions for neoplasms, metabolic diseases, CVDs, and musculoskeletal diseases in São Paulo, Brazil, between January and June 2020 compared with the corresponding periods in the previous 3 years. Methods In this cross-sectional study, hospital admissions for NCDs were obtained from the Hospital Information System, a publicly available official database of hospital admissions in the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde). The number of hospital admissions for neoplasms (C00-D48), metabolic diseases (E00-E90), CVDs (I00-I99), and musculoskeletal diseases (M00-M99), according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, was collected from January to June of each year from 2017 to 2020. Data were collected by 2 of the authors, and any incompatibility led to a new collection of data. Because the study used secondary data, ethical approval and informed consent were not required according to resolution 510 of the Brazilian National Health Council. This study followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guideline. Linear regression was used to describe the changes in hospital admissions throughout the selected months for each year. We also compared the number of hospital admissions in June 2020 vs January 2020 (before the first case of COVID-19 was reported in São Paulo on February 26, 2020). Statistical significance was set at 2-tailed P < .05, and data analysis was performed using Stata, version 11.0 (StataCorp LLC). Results The number of hospital admissions for NCDs between January and June was stable from 2017 to 2019. However, we observed a decrease in the absolute numbers of hospital admissions for NCDs between January and June 2020, with mean reductions in hospital admissions per month of 505 (95% CI, 126-884) for CVDs, 332 (95% CI, 95-569) for neoplasms, 136 (95% CI, 46-227) for musculoskeletal diseases, and 76 (95% CI, 1-151) for metabolic diseases (Table). During June 2020 compared with January 2020, there was a decrease of 543 hospital admissions (68%) for musculoskeletal diseases, 332 admissions (44%) for metabolic diseases, 2129 admissions (38%) for CVDs, and 1454 admissions (35%) for neoplasms (Figure). Author affiliations and article information are listed at the end of this article.

BackgroundMale Breast Cancer (MBC) is rare, which makes its understanding and treatment be extrapolated from what is known about the occurrence in women, with few epidemiological studies, with few epidemiological studies. Therefore, the aim of the present paper was to study breast cancer mortality in adult males in Brazil and its administrative regions between 2005 and 2015.MethodsEcological study with data on MBC mortality in adults between 2005 and 2015. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System of the Department of Informatics of SUS (the Unified Health System of the country). Descriptive statistics were used for MBC mortality and linear regression to analyze the relationship between mortality and the country’s administrative regions. Percentage Change (PC) and Annual Percentage Change (APC) were the trend measures used for MBC mortality for the period.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2015, there were 1521 deaths due to MBC in adults in Brazil. Regarding mortality by region, there was great oscillation in the rates of the country as a whole (PC = 113,87; β = 0,009 (IC95% 0,000 – 0,018); r2 = 0,381; P = 0,043). The highest increase in MBC mortality occurred in patients aged 80 years or older (PC = 161,04; β = 0,201 (IC95% 0,640 - 0,339); r2 = 0,550; P = 0,009) and there was significant increase in deaths for the 50–54-year age group (PC = 224,01; β = 0,135 (CI95% 0,052; 0,218); r2 = 0,601; P = 0,005).ConclusionMortality in adults due to MBC increased in Brazil during the study period with the highest percentage increase occurring for individuals aged 80 years or older.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5261-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Drug interaction is an important cause of global morbidity. It is of particular importance in cancer patients since they are often in use of polypharmacy, related to interactions between the drugs and the chemotherapeutics used. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the drug interaction between chemotherapy and other drugs in cancer patients. METHODS: a cross-sectional study carried out in the outpatient oncology department of a public tertiary hospital. Two hundred thirty-five patients were included, and the drugs they were using were identified. Using the MedScape and Epocrates database, we evaluated the interactions between medications and chemotherapy by defining their frequency and dividing their severity from interaction into mild, close monitoring necessity and severe. RESULTS: 161 patients had some drug interaction. We identified 9 types of mild interactions, 23 types of interactions with close monitoring necessity, and 2 types of serious interactions. The most frequent interactions were between fluorouracil and leucovorin (32 cases) and cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (19 cases). Serious interactions were between aspirin and pemetrexed; and leucovorin and Bactrim. CONCLUSION: In the present study, drug interactions were frequent, including serious interactions with a potential increase in morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is necessary for oncologists to draw up a therapeutic plan considering potential interactions between prescribed chemotherapy and current medications in use by patients.

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