The complicated dynamic processes occurring when fluvial waters mix with marine waters control the nature and the fluxes of materials exported by rivers to the sea. Understanding these processes is of primary importance in evaluating budgets. In wide-open estuarine situations these processes take place under the influence of an intense turbulence induced by tides. Conversely. the Rhone waters spread into the Mediterranean Sea in the form of an easily distinguishable buoyant plume often extending far offshore from the mouth of the river. The aim of this study is to describe the dynamic and hydrological fields on the basis of eulerian VHF radar mapping of surface currents coupled with lagrangian in situ physical or geochemical measurements. This paper focuses mainly on physical processes. Data analysis provides an insight into the typical scales of variability of the phenomena, either vertically or horizontally. It is shown that morphological fluctuations can occur (mainly in orientation and offshore extent) according to wind and outflow forcing conditions, and that the vertical structure variations can range from an almost unaltered two-layer distribution to an evolving and deepening mixed layer situation, or even to a more complex superimposed multi-layered structure. The simultaneous examination of radar maps and lagrangian drifter tracking allows the main dynamic tendencies of the Rhone plume to be sketched out. 0 Elsevier, Paris river plume / VHF radar I Rhone I dynamics RCsumC-&de expCrimentale du panache du RMne. Partie I : physique et dynamique. La zone de mClange entre les eaux d'un fleuve et les eaux marines est le s5ge de processus dynamiques complexes qui conditionnent la nature et les flux de mat&es apportCes au milieu marin. La comprehension de ces mdcanismes est primordiale pour effectuer des bilans. Contrairement aux estuaires oti la dilution est induite par une turbulence intense entretenue par les flux entrant et sortant de mar&e, les eaux du Rhi,ne s'e'panchent en MCditerranCe sous forme d'un panache flottant sur de grandes distances au large de l'embouchure. L'objet du prCsent travail est d'apprkhender les champs dynamiques et hydrologiques de cette structure au moyen de cartographies de vitesses eulkriennes de courant superficiel par radar VHF et au moyen de mesures lagrangiennes in situ physiques et gCochimiques. Cet article est consacrk aux processus physiques. L'analyse des don&es permet de cerner la variabilite du phenomkne, tant horizontale que verticale. Les fluctuations de morphologie (orientation et extension vers le large) du panache en fonction des conditions m6tCorologiques et de debit fluvial sont mises en Cvidence, ainsi que les variations de sa structure verticale, allant d'une structure bicouche pratiquement non altCrCe B une couche bien mClangCe, de caractiristiques en Cvolution et d'Cpaisseur croissante, ou & une superposition multicouche plus complexe. L'examen simultanC des cartes de courant et des don&es physiques Iagrangiennes permet de degager les grandes tendances du fonc...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.