The contraction coefficient under sluice gates on flat beds is studied for both free flow and submerged conditions based on the principle of momentum conservation, relying on an analytical determination of the pressure force exerted on the upstream face of the gate together with the energy equation. The contraction coefficient varies with the relative gate opening and the relative submergence, especially at large gate openings. The contraction coefficient may be similar in submerged flow and free flow at small openings but not at large openings, as shown by some experimental results. An application to discharge measurement is also presented.

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This paper exposes and validates a methodology based on a classical hydraulic model (Saint-Venant equations) to design efficient automatic controllers for an irrigation canal pool. The method is applied on a laboratory canal located in Portugal. First, the full nonlinear hydraulic model is calibrated, using a single steady-state experiment, then it is validated on other hydraulic conditions. The control model is obtained by linearizing the Saint-Venant equations and using a numerical method to compute the frequency response of the system. Simple controllers are designed and analyzed using the linearized models. The experimental results show that such a method is able to accurately predict the closed-loop system behavior in terms of stability, robustness and performance. r

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