PS with a diameter of >5 Fr and a length of >5 cm seems to have a better protective effect against PEP, compared to shorter and thinner stents. However, in the present version of GallRiks it is not possible to differentiate the exact type of pancreatic stent (apart from material, length and diameter) that has been introduced, so our conclusion must be interpreted with caution.

The single-operator peroral cholangioscopy technique is an advanced technique for intraluminal visual inspection, and for therapeutic intervention of the biliary and pancreatic ducts. However, there is a significantly increased risk of intra- and postprocedural adverse events. Thus, this method should preferably be performed at tertiary referral centers in carefully selected patients.