BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunction are the two most common endocrine disorders in clinical practice. The unrecognized thyroid dysfunction may adversely affect the metabolic control and add more risk to an already predisposing scenario for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus in tertiary care hospital. METHODS: This study was conducted in Department of General medicine, ESIC-MC & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore.100 type 2 diabetes patients and 100 non diabetes controls were included in the study. Fasting blood glucose, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are measured both in case and control groups. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients studied 8 (4%) patients had clinical hypothyroidism, 15 (7.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 3 (1.5%) had clinical hyperthyroidism. Out of 100 controls studied 4 (2%) had clinical hypothyroidism, 7 (3.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 1 (0.5%) had clinical hyperthyroidism. In both the study groups no subjects had subclinical hyperthyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism is the frequently found thyroid dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is much higher in diabetes patients as compared to non-diabetes controls. We conclude that screening for thyroid dysfunction among patients with diabetes mellitus should be routinely performed considering the prevalence of new cases diagnosed and the possible aggravation the classical risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, arising from an undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction.

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of mortality and an increasing health burden with a prevalence of 8.3% globally and 9.1% in India (IDF). Prevention of complications and improving quality of life are the principle goals in its management. DPP-4 inhibitors have a potential vasoprotective effect mediated by stromal cell derived factor-1a. Teneligliptin a novel, highly selective, more potent agent compared to Sitagliptin provides sustained glycaemic control, decreases cardiovascular complications, has additional beneficial pleiotropic metabolic effects and also safe in renal impairment. Objective To evaluate the glycaemic and non-glycaemic effects of Teneligliptin vs Sitagliptin as add on therapy to metformin. Materials and methods 60 subjects with T2DM who failed to achieve glycaemic control with metformin (500mg TID) alone for 3 months were randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive Teneligliptin 20mg OD and Sitagliptin 100mg OD as add on therapy. Patients were followed up at 4, 8 and 12 weeks for glycaemic and non-glycaemic effects. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), if any were recorded and graded according to severity. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in FBS (p<0.05, p<0.001) and PPBS (p<0.01, p<0.001) in patients treated with Teneligliptin on week 8 & week 12 from baseline compared to those treated with Sitagliptin. The reduction in HbA1c (p<0.0001), LDL-CH (p<0.0001) & TC (p<0.001) on week 12 from baseline was also significantly more in the Teneligliptin group. Conclusion Teneligliptin may be an effective and safe treatment option in reducing both glycaemic and non-glycaemic parameters as an add-on therapy in Type 2 DM with good patient tolerability.