Emerging from a protected, regulated environment, utilities use gaming and simulation models to learn about the dynamics of deregulation. UTILITIES 21, an all-fuel, fully integrated energy model, details actual data and area dynamics. Proven both reliable and valid, the results generated from the UTILITIES 21 gaming model predicted recent energy crises as being caused by implementation of conventional decision making rather than employment of new knowledge learned from the gaming sessions. Gaming facilitators realize that learning new knowledge is insufficient. They must also teach utilities how to implement that knowledge.

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